#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    //输入+输出重定向
    freopen("../count.in", "r", stdin);
    freopen("../count.out", "w", stdout);

    vector<int> v1;
    int big = 0, small = 0, num = 0, spe = 0;//大写,小写,数字,特殊字符
    char str[1001];
    cin >> str;

    for (int i = 0; i < 10001; i++) {
        if (str[i] == '\0') break;
        if (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z') big++;
        else if (str[i] >= 'a' && str[i] <= 'z') small++;
        else if (str[i] >= '0' && str[i] <= '9') num++;
        else spe++;
    }
    v1.push_back(big);
    v1.push_back(small);
    v1.push_back(num);
    v1.push_back(spe);
    //排序
    sort(v1.begin(), v1.end());
    //输出最大减最小
    cout << v1[3] - v1[0] << endl;
    //关闭文件
    fclose(stdin);
    fclose(stdout);
    return 0;
}