#include using namespace std; const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f; const int N = 2e4 + 10, M = 2e5 + 10; //链式前向星 int e[M], h[N], idx, w[M], ne[M]; void add(int a, int b, int c = 0) { e[idx] = b, ne[idx] = h[a], w[idx] = c, h[a] = idx++; } int depth[N], f[N][31]; int dlt[N]; //差分数组 // 倍增2^k,计算k的办法 // T = log(n) / log(2) + 1; const int T = 25; //倍增求 a,b的最近公共祖先 void bfs(int root) { queue q; q.push(root); depth[root] = 1; while (q.size()) { int u = q.front(); q.pop(); for (int i = h[u]; ~i; i = ne[i]) { int j = e[i]; if (depth[j]) continue; depth[j] = depth[u] + 1; f[j][0] = u; for (int k = 1; k <= T; k++) f[j][k] = f[f[j][k - 1]][k - 1]; q.push(j); } } } int lca(int a, int b) { if (depth[a] < depth[b]) swap(a, b); for (int k = T; k >= 0; k--) if (depth[f[a][k]] >= depth[b]) a = f[a][k]; if (a == b) return a; for (int k = T; k >= 0; k--) if (f[a][k] != f[b][k]) a = f[a][k], b = f[b][k]; return f[a][0]; } //前缀和 void dfs(int u, int fa) { for (int i = h[u]; ~i; i = ne[i]) { int j = e[i]; if (j == fa) continue; dfs(j, u); dlt[u] += dlt[j]; } } int main() { int T, n, m; scanf("%d", &T); int cc = 0; while (T--) { idx = 0; memset(h, -1, sizeof h); memset(depth, 0, sizeof depth); memset(dlt, 0, sizeof dlt); scanf("%d%d", &n, &m); for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { int a, b; scanf("%d%d", &a, &b); add(a, b), add(b, a); } bfs(1); for (int i = n; i <= m; i++) { int a, b; scanf("%d%d", &a, &b); //树上差分+边权(把边权记在点上) dlt[a]++; dlt[b]++; dlt[lca(a, b)] -= 2; } //前缀和合并差分 dfs(1, 0); int res = INF; /* Q:为什么最后统计的时候 n 是从 2 开始? A:因为1没边的, 边差分,他这边是下放到下面的那个点上,用点来表示这个边的。 */ for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) res = min(res, dlt[i] + 1); printf("Case #%d: %d\n", ++cc, res); } }