You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
|
|
|
|
##[$AcWing$ $830$.单调栈](https://www.acwing.com/problem/content/832/)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 一、题目描述
|
|
|
|
|
给定一个长度为 $N$ 的整数数列,输出每个数左边第一个比它小的数,如果不存在则输出 $−1$。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**输入格式**
|
|
|
|
|
第一行包含整数 $N$,表示数列长度。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
第二行包含 $N$ 个整数,表示整数数列。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**输出格式**
|
|
|
|
|
共一行,包含 $N$ 个整数,其中第 $i$ 个数表示第 $i$ 个数的左边第一个比它小的数,如果不存在则输出 $−1$。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**数据范围**
|
|
|
|
|
$1≤N≤10^5$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$1≤数列中元素≤10^9$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**输入样例:**
|
|
|
|
|
```cpp {.line-numbers}
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
3 4 2 7 5
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**输出样例:**
|
|
|
|
|
```cpp {.line-numbers}
|
|
|
|
|
-1 3 -1 2 2
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 二、单调栈原理
|
|
|
|
|
单调栈里装的是什么?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**动态维护一个栈,把后续问题的答案都维持在这个栈中,把肯定不再有用的数字从栈中干掉。**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 动态维护,随进随维护,不需预处理
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 将$O(N^2)$的时间复杂度降为$O(N)$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 此类 **左侧(或右侧)最近**,**比自己大的(或小的)**,用单调栈
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 三、左边第一个比我小
|
|
|
|
|
```cpp {.line-numbers}
|
|
|
|
|
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
using namespace std;
|
|
|
|
|
const int N = 1e5 + 10;
|
|
|
|
|
int stk[N], tt;
|
|
|
|
|
int main() {
|
|
|
|
|
int n;
|
|
|
|
|
cin >> n;
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
|
|
|
|
|
int x;
|
|
|
|
|
cin >> x;
|
|
|
|
|
while (tt && x <= stk[tt]) tt--;
|
|
|
|
|
if (tt == 0)
|
|
|
|
|
cout << "-1 ";
|
|
|
|
|
else
|
|
|
|
|
cout << stk[tt] << " ";
|
|
|
|
|
stk[++tt] = x;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 四、右边第一个比我大
|
|
|
|
|
```cpp {.line-numbers}
|
|
|
|
|
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
using namespace std;
|
|
|
|
|
const int N = 1e5 + 10;
|
|
|
|
|
int stk[N], tt;
|
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
测试用例:右边第一个比我大
|
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
|
|
6 10 3 7 4 12
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
结果:
|
|
|
|
|
10 12 7 12 12 -1
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
int a[N], res[N];
|
|
|
|
|
int main() {
|
|
|
|
|
freopen("830_RightBigger.in", "r", stdin);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
int n;
|
|
|
|
|
cin >> n;
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) cin >> a[i];
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = n; i; i--) {
|
|
|
|
|
while (tt && a[i] >= stk[tt]) tt--;
|
|
|
|
|
if (tt == 0)
|
|
|
|
|
res[i] = -1;
|
|
|
|
|
else
|
|
|
|
|
res[i] = stk[tt];
|
|
|
|
|
stk[++tt] = a[i];
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) cout << res[i] << " ";
|
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|