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# 详解（一）Python + Selenium 批量采集微信公众号，搭建自己的微信公众号每日AI简报，告别信息焦虑
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# https://blog.csdn.net/k352733625/article/details/149222945
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# 微信爬爬猫---公众号文章抓取代码分析
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# https://blog.csdn.net/yajuanpi4899/article/details/121584268
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"""
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# 查看selenium版本
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pip show selenium
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4.34.2
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# 查看Chrome浏览器版本
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chrome://version/
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138.0.7204.101 (正式版本) （64 位）
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# 下载驱动包
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https://googlechromelabs.github.io/chrome-for-testing/
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https://storage.googleapis.com/chrome-for-testing-public/138.0.7204.94/win64/chromedriver-win64.zip
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"""
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import asyncio
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import datetime
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import json
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import logging
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import random
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import re
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import time
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from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
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from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service as ChromeService
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import requests
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from Util.LightRagUtil import initialize_pg_rag
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from Util.PostgreSQLUtil import init_postgres_pool
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from Util.WxGzhUtil import init_wechat_browser, get_article_content
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# 删除重复的日志配置，只保留以下内容
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logger = logging.getLogger('WxGzh')
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logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
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# 确保只添加一个handler
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if not logger.handlers:
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handler = logging.StreamHandler()
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handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'))
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logger.addHandler(handler)
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async def get_wechat_sources():
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"""从t_wechat_source表获取微信公众号列表"""
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try:
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pool = await init_postgres_pool()
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async with pool.acquire() as conn:
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rows = await conn.fetch('SELECT * FROM t_wechat_source')
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return [dict(row) for row in rows]
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finally:
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await pool.close()
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async def is_article_exist(pool, article_url):
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"""检查文章URL是否已存在数据库中"""
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try:
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async with pool.acquire() as conn:
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row = await conn.fetchrow('''
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SELECT 1
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FROM t_wechat_articles
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WHERE url = $1 LIMIT 1
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''', article_url)
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return row is not None
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except Exception as e:
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logging.error(f"检查文章存在性失败: {e}")
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return False # 出错时默认返回False，避免影响正常流程
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async def save_article_to_db(pool, article_title, account_name, article_url, publish_time, content, source_id):
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# 先检查文章是否已存在
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if await is_article_exist(pool, article_url):
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logger.info(f"文章已存在，跳过保存: {article_url}")
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return
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# 在这里调用 lightrag进行知识库构建
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workspace = 'ChangChun'
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# 使用PG库后，这个是没有用的,但目前的项目代码要求必传，就写一个吧。
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WORKING_DIR = f"./output"
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docx_name = f"{account_name}_{article_title}" # 组合来源和标题作为文档名
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logger.info(f"开始处理文档: {docx_name}")
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try:
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rag = await initialize_pg_rag(WORKING_DIR=WORKING_DIR, workspace=workspace)
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await rag.ainsert(input=content, file_paths=[docx_name])
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finally:
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if rag:
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await rag.finalize_storages()
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if pool:
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await pool.close()
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logger.info(f"保存文档到知识库成功: {docx_name}")
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try:
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async with pool.acquire() as conn:
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await conn.execute('''
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INSERT INTO t_wechat_articles
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(title, source, url, publish_time, content, source_id)
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VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6)
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''', article_title, account_name, article_url,
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publish_time, content, source_id)
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except Exception as e:
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logging.error(f"保存文章失败: {e}")
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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# 从文件cookies.txt中获取
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with open('cookies.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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content = f.read()
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# 使用json还原为json对象
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cookies = json.loads(content)
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# 检查是否有过期时间
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expiry = cookies["expiry"]
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if expiry:
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# 换算出过期时间
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expiry_time = time.localtime(expiry)
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expiry_date = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", expiry_time)
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# 获取当前时间戳
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current_timestamp = time.time()
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# 检查是否已过期
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if current_timestamp > expiry:
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logger.error("Cookie已过期")
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exit()
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# 移除expiry属性
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del cookies["expiry"]
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logger.info(f"cookies的过期时间一般是4天，cookies过期时间：%s" % expiry_date)
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options = Options()
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options.add_argument('-headless') # 无头参数，调试时可以注释掉
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# 设置headers
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header = {
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"HOST": "mp.weixin.qq.com",
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"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2785.116 Safari/537.36 QBCore/4.0.1301.400 QQBrowser/9.0.2524.400 Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2875.116 Safari/537.36 NetType/WIFI MicroMessenger/7.0.20.1781(0x6700143B) WindowsWechat(0x63010200)",
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"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8",
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"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
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"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.5;q=0.4",
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"Connection": "keep-alive"
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}
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service = ChromeService(executable_path=r"C:\Windows\System32\chromedriver.exe")
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# 使用统一的初始化方式
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driver = init_wechat_browser()
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# 方法：使用requests库发送请求获取重定向URL
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url = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com'
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response = requests.get(url=url, allow_redirects=False, cookies=cookies)
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if 'Location' in response.headers:
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redirect_url = response.headers.get("Location")
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logger.info(f"重定向URL:%s" % redirect_url)
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token_match = re.findall(r'token=(\d+)', redirect_url)
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if token_match:
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token = token_match[0]
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logger.info(f"获取到的token:%s" % token)
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article_urls = []
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# 获取公众号列表
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loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
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asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
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try:
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gzlist = loop.run_until_complete(get_wechat_sources())
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finally:
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loop.close()
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# 爬取文章
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for item in gzlist:
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account_name = item["account_name"]
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account_id = item["account_id"]
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id = item["id"]
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# 搜索微信公众号的接口地址
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search_url = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/searchbiz?'
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# 搜索微信公众号接口需要传入的参数，有三个变量：微信公众号token、随机数random、搜索的微信公众号名字
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query_id = {
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'action': 'search_biz',
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'token': token,
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'lang': 'zh_CN',
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'f': 'json',
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'ajax': '1',
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'random': random.random(),
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'query': account_name,
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'begin': '0',
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'count': '5'
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}
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# 打开搜索微信公众号接口地址，需要传入相关参数信息如：cookies、params、headers
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search_response = requests.get(search_url, cookies=cookies, headers=header, params=query_id)
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# 取搜索结果中的第一个公众号
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lists = search_response.json().get('list')[0]
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# 获取这个公众号的fakeid，后面爬取公众号文章需要此字段
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fakeid = lists.get('fakeid')
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logging.info("fakeid:" + fakeid)
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# 微信公众号文章接口地址
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appmsg_url = 'https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/appmsg?'
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# 搜索文章需要传入几个参数：登录的公众号token、要爬取文章的公众号fakeid、随机数random
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query_id_data = {
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'token': token,
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'lang': 'zh_CN',
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'f': 'json',
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'ajax': '1',
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'random': random.random(),
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'action': 'list_ex',
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'begin': '0', # 不同页，此参数变化，变化规则为每页加5
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'count': '5',
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'query': '',
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'fakeid': fakeid,
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'type': '9'
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}
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# 打开搜索的微信公众号文章列表页
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query_fakeid_response = requests.get(appmsg_url, cookies=cookies, headers=header, params=query_id_data)
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fakeid_list = query_fakeid_response.json().get('app_msg_list')
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for item in fakeid_list:
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article_url = item.get('link')
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article_title = item.get('title')
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publish_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(int(item.get("update_time")))
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if '试卷' in article_title: # 过滤掉试卷,致知物理中有大量试卷，我做教育资讯的不关心试卷
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continue
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logger.info(f"正在处理文章: {article_title} ({publish_time})")
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logger.info(f"正在获取文章: {article_title}内容...")
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content = get_article_content(article_url)
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logger.info(f"成功获取文章: {article_title}内容。")
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loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
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asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
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try:
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pool = loop.run_until_complete(init_postgres_pool())
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loop.run_until_complete(
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save_article_to_db(pool, article_title, account_name, article_url, publish_time, content, id))
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finally:
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loop.run_until_complete(pool.close())
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loop.close()
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time.sleep(1)
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# 关闭浏览器
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driver.quit()
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