义安 geo 义安is located in present-day Chaozhou, Guangdong, China. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873756 隋炀帝 person **隋炀帝** (Emperor Yang of Sui) was the second emperor of China's Sui Dynasty. He is best known for his ambitious infrastructure projects, particularly the construction of the **Grand Canal**, which connected northern and southern China and facilitated economic and cultural exchange. Additionally, he implemented the **imperial examination system**, a significant administrative reform that influenced later dynasties. However, his reign was marked by **tyrannical rule, extravagance, and relentless construction projects**, which placed an immense burden on the populace. His policies, including excessive taxation and forced labor, led to widespread suffering and discontent. Ultimately, his **harsh governance, disregard for the people's welfare, and rapid expansionist policies** triggered massive peasant uprisings. He was **killed by his own subordinates** during the rebellions, accelerating the collapse of the Sui Dynasty. In summary, while 隋炀帝 contributed to major historical developments like the Grand Canal and imperial examinations, his **oppressive and reckless rule** directly caused the dynasty's rapid downfall. chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874201 大运河 event 大运河is the Grand Canal constructed during the Sui Dynasty, connecting major rivers and cities, enhancing transportation and economic exchange between northern and southern China.<SEP>大运河是隋炀帝时期开通的南北交通要道，连接了五大水系，全长2700多千米，促进了经济和文化交流。 chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874188 涿郡 geo 涿郡is located in present-day Beijing, one of the northern endpoints of the Grand Canal.<SEP>涿郡是大运河的北端，位于今天的北京附近。 chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874188 余杭郡 geo 余杭郡is located in present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang, one of the southern endpoints of the Grand Canal.<SEP>余杭郡是大运河的南端，位于今天的杭州附近。 chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874189 科举制度 category 科举制度is the imperial examination system established during the Sui Dynasty, revolutionizing the selection of officials based on merit rather than family background.<SEP>科举制度是中国古代通过考试选拔官员的制度，对当时社会产生了深远影响，促进了社会流动和文化发展。<SEP>科举制度被新罗引进，成为选拔官员的重要方式。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873756 隋朝 organization The **隋朝 (Sui Dynasty)** was a short-lived but highly significant dynasty in Chinese history, founded by **Yang Jian (Emperor Wen of Sui)**, who reunified China after a prolonged period of division. The dynasty implemented major political and administrative reforms, most notably the **Three Departments and Six Ministries system**, which was later refined and adopted by the succeeding **Tang Dynasty**. Additionally, the Sui Dynasty introduced the **imperial examination system**, laying the foundation for China's merit-based bureaucracy. Economically and culturally, the Sui Dynasty promoted development through large-scale infrastructure projects, the most famous being the **Grand Canal**, which facilitated trade and transportation across the empire. However, the dynasty's rapid decline was attributed to **oppressive policies**, particularly under **Emperor Yang of Sui (隋炀帝)**, whose harsh rule and extravagant projects led to widespread discontent and rebellion. Despite its brief duration, the Sui Dynasty played a crucial role in consolidating China and setting the stage for the prosperous Tang Dynasty that followed. In summary, while the Sui Dynasty was short-lived, its contributions to political structure, economic integration, and bureaucratic reform left a lasting legacy in Chinese history. chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874202 农民起义 event **农民起义 (Peasant Uprisings)** 农民起义 refers to large-scale rebellions led by peasants against oppressive regimes in ancient China, often triggered by heavy labor demands, harsh governance, and widespread suffering. These uprisings played a decisive role in the collapse of dynasties, particularly the **Sui Dynasty (隋朝)** and the **Tang Dynasty (唐朝)**. During the late **Sui Dynasty**, peasant revolts erupted due to the government's excessive labor conscription (e.g., for the Grand Canal and other projects) and brutal rule. These uprisings, such as those led by **Wang Xianzhi (王仙芝)** and **Huang Chao (黄巢)**, severely weakened the dynasty and were a direct cause of its downfall. Similarly, in the **Tang Dynasty**, peasant rebellions further destabilized the empire, contributing to its eventual decline. While the Sui-era uprisings were primarily driven by immediate grievances like forced labor and tyranny, the Tang rebellions reflected broader discontent with corruption and inequality. Despite differences in context, all these movements shared a common theme: mass resistance against oppressive rule, leading to significant political upheaval. Thus, **农民起义** encompasses both the late-Sui rebellions that ended the dynasty and later revolts that eroded Tang authority, demonstrating their recurring role in Chinese history as catalysts for dynastic collapse. chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874215 广东潮州 geo 广东潮州is the modern location of historical义安, mentioned in the text. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873757 隋文帝 person 隋文帝was the founder of the Sui Dynasty who initiated reforms including the abolition of the old selection system for officials.<SEP>隋文帝即杨坚，隋朝开国皇帝，581年建立隋朝，589年统一全国，推行经济改革和中央集权。 chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874189 进士科 category The **进士科 (Jinshi Ke)** was the most important and highly regarded subject in the **imperial examination system (科举)** of ancient China. Established during the reign of **Emperor Yang of Sui (隋炀帝)**, it marked the formal creation of the imperial examination system, signifying a major shift in the selection of government officials based on merit rather than hereditary privilege. During the **Zhen'guan era (贞观时期)** of the Tang Dynasty, the **Jinshi Ke** further developed and gained prominence. As the most prestigious examination subject, it became the primary pathway for scholars to attain high-ranking positions in the bureaucracy, reflecting its enduring significance in Chinese history. (Note: Contradictions were resolved by acknowledging that while the **Jinshi Ke** was established under Emperor Yang of Sui, its refinement and heightened importance occurred later, particularly during the Tang Dynasty.) chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874201 海河 geo 大运河连接的五大水系之一，位于华北地区。<SEP>海河is one of the five major river systems connected by the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874189 黄河 geo 大运河连接的五大水系之一，中国北方主要河流。<SEP>黄河is one of the five major river systems connected by the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874190 淮河 geo 大运河连接的五大水系之一，南北地理分界线。<SEP>淮河is one of the five major river systems connected by the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874190 长江 geo 大运河连接的五大水系之一，中国最长河流。<SEP>长江is one of the five major river systems connected by the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874190 钱塘江 geo 大运河连接的五大水系之一，浙江主要河流。<SEP>钱塘江is one of the five major river systems connected by the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874190 盱眙 geo 盱眙is located in present-day Jiangsu province, a point along the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873758 江都郡 geo 江都郡is located in present-day Yangzhou, Jiangsu, a key point along the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873758 大兴 geo 大兴is located in present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi, an important city during the Sui Dynasty.<SEP>大兴是隋朝的都城，位于今天的西安附近，是隋朝的政治中心。 chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874188 板渚 geo 板渚is located in present-day Xingyang, Henan, a point along the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873758 山阳 geo 山阳is located in present-day Huai'an, Jiangsu, a point along the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873758 延陵 geo 延陵is located in present-day Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, a point along the Grand Canal. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873759 雷塘 geo 隋炀帝陵墓所在地，象征其统治的失败结局<SEP>雷塘is located in northwest Yangzhou, where Emperor Yang of Sui was buried.<SEP>雷塘位于今江苏扬州西北，是隋炀帝迁葬之地。 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874202 魏晋南北朝 category 科举制创立前的历史时期，实行九品中正制选官。<SEP>魏晋南北朝refers to the period before the Sui Dynasty when the selection of officials was controlled by aristocratic families. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874190 东都洛阳 geo 东都洛阳was the eastern capital built during Emperor Yang of Sui's reign, requiring massive labor.<SEP>隋唐时期的重要都城，含嘉仓所在地，政治经济中心。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873759 长城 geo 长城was another major construction project during Emperor Yang of Sui's reign that required significant labor. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873759 驰道 geo 驰道refers to the imperial highways built during Emperor Yang of Sui's reign. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873759 征辽东 event 征辽东refers to Emperor Yang of Sui's three failed campaigns against Korea that drained national resources. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873759 山东地区 geo 山东地区was where the peasant uprisings against the Sui Dynasty first broke out. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873760 李密 person 李密was a rebel leader during the fall of the Sui Dynasty, mentioned in the Old Book of Tang. chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873760 罗隐 person 唐朝诗人，在《炀帝陵》一诗中评价隋炀帝的统治<SEP>罗隐was a Tang Dynasty poet who wrote about Emperor Yang of Sui's downfall.<SEP>罗隐是唐朝诗人，以讽刺诗著称，在《炀帝陵》一诗中评价隋炀帝的功过。 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874202 含嘉仓 organization 隋唐时期最大的国家粮仓，位于洛阳，通过大运河接收江南粮食，用于灾荒救济。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873760 李世民 person 唐太宗，唐朝第二位皇帝，开创'贞观之治'，以'水能载舟，亦能覆舟'比喻君民关系。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873760 李渊 person 唐高祖，唐朝开国皇帝，在隋末起义中起兵建立唐朝。<SEP>李渊是唐朝的建立者，于618年建立唐朝，定都长安，并逐步统一全国。 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874190 贞观之治 event The **Zhenguan Reign (贞观之治)**, also known as the **"Reign of Zhenguan"**, refers to the golden age during the rule of **Emperor Taizong (唐太宗, Li Shimin)** of the Tang Dynasty. This period is celebrated for its exceptional governance, which laid the foundation for the Tang Dynasty's prosperity and stability. Characterized by **political clarity (政治清明)**, economic growth, and cultural flourishing, the Zhenguan era saw **unified governance, a thriving economy, and social stability (国家统一、经济发展、社会安定)**. Emperor Taizong's administration promoted **effective governance, military strength (国力强盛), and advancements in education and culture (文教昌盛)**, making it one of the most renowned prosperous periods in Chinese history. The Zhenguan Reign is widely regarded as a model of imperial rule, combining **wise leadership, economic prosperity, and societal harmony**, leaving a lasting legacy in Chinese historiography. chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874225 魏征 person 贞观名臣，以直言进谏闻名，被唐太宗视为'明镜'。<SEP>魏征(580-643) was a prominent official during the Tang Dynasty, known for his role in advising Emperor Taizong and reflecting on the lessons from the Sui Dynasty's rapid collapse.<SEP>魏征是唐太宗时期的重要大臣，以直言善谏闻名，前后劝谏唐太宗200余次，为'贞观之治'作出了重要贡献。 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874191 房玄龄 person 房玄龄是唐太宗时期的贤臣，以善于谋略著称，与杜如晦并称'房谋杜断'。<SEP>贞观时期宰相，善于谋略，与杜如晦并称'房谋杜断'。 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874191 杜如晦 person 杜如晦是唐太宗时期的贤臣，以敢于决断著称，与房玄龄并称'房谋杜断'。<SEP>贞观时期宰相，以决断力著称。 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874191 三省六部制 organization The **三省六部制 (Three Departments and Six Ministries System)** was a centralized bureaucratic framework in ancient China, originating from the Sui Dynasty and further refined during the Tang Dynasty to enhance governance and administrative efficiency. The system comprised three key departments—**中书省 (Zhongshu Sheng, Central Secretariat)**, **门下省 (Menxia Sheng, Chancellery)**, and **尚书省 (Shangshu Sheng, Department of State Affairs)**—alongside six ministries under the Department of State Affairs, which collectively streamlined decision-making and administrative processes. Under Emperor Taizong of Tang (唐太宗), the system was perfected, leading to improved coordination among the departments and greater efficiency in state affairs. While its roots trace back to the Sui Dynasty, the Tang-era refinements solidified its role as a cornerstone of imperial administration, balancing power among the departments and ensuring effective governance. The **三省六部制** remained a defining feature of China's political structure during the Sui and Tang periods. (Note: Contradictions were resolved by acknowledging the Sui origins while emphasizing the Tang Dynasty's refinements, particularly under Emperor Taizong.) chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874228 炀帝陵 geo 隋炀帝的陵墓，位于雷塘，象征隋朝灭亡的历史见证。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873761 关中地区 geo 唐朝核心区域，常需从含嘉仓调粮救济灾荒。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873761 江南 geo 隋唐时期重要产粮区，通过大运河向北方运输粮食。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873761 太原 geo 太原was the administrative center of河东节度使under李克用.<SEP>太原was the base of the Northern Han during the Five Dynasties period.<SEP>李渊起兵之地，唐朝建立的发源地。 chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874234 昭陵 geo 唐太宗陵墓，以'昭陵六骏'浮雕闻名。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873761 飒露紫 category 昭陵六骏之一，唐太宗征战时的战马。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873761 隋末农民大起义 event 导致隋朝灭亡的全国性起义，为唐朝建立创造条件。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873761 三省制 organization 隋朝创立、唐朝完善的中枢行政体系。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873762 《旧唐书·魏征传》 category 记载魏征事迹的官方史书文献。 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873762 唐太宗 person Emperor Taizong of Tang (唐太宗), a renowned ruler of the Tang Dynasty, is celebrated for his effective governance, military achievements, and enlightened policies that solidified his legacy. His reign, known as the "Zhenguan Era" (贞观之治), was marked by national unification, economic prosperity, population growth, and social stability. Taizong implemented significant administrative reforms, including refining the Three Departments and Six Ministries system (三省六部制), learning from the failures of the preceding Sui Dynasty to strengthen centralized governance. He also prioritized legal reforms and agricultural development, fostering long-term stability. A key aspect of his rule was his progressive ethnic policies. After defeating the Eastern Turkic Khaganate in 630, he adopted conciliatory measures, including appeasement and intermarriage (和亲), to integrate frontier tribes peacefully. These policies earned him the title "Heavenly Khan" (天可汗) among northwestern nomadic tribes, reflecting his broad influence and diplomatic acumen. Thus, Taizong's reign is remembered as a golden age of balanced military strength, institutional innovation, and inclusive governance. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874232 武则天 person **Wu Zetian (武则天)** (624–705) was the only female emperor in Chinese history, ruling during the Tang Dynasty. Known for her controversial reign, she left a lasting legacy marked by significant political, economic, and cultural contributions. Wu Zetian was highly educated, well-versed in literature and history, and renowned for her strategic acumen and decisiveness. She expanded the imperial examination system, promoted meritocracy by recruiting officials based on talent rather than aristocratic background, and introduced the **Palace Examination (殿试)**, further institutionalizing the selection of capable bureaucrats. These reforms strengthened governance and laid the foundation for the later **"Kaiyuan Prosperity"** under Emperor Xuanzong. Her reign also saw economic stabilization and continued prosperity, ensuring the Tang Dynasty's sustained development. Despite her achievements, Wu Zetian's rule remains contentious, symbolized by the **"Wordless Stele" (无字碑)**—a monument left blank, possibly to invite posterity's judgment. In summary, Wu Zetian was a groundbreaking ruler who defied traditional gender roles, implemented progressive reforms, and played a pivotal role in shaping Tang Dynasty's golden age. chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874214 唐高宗 person Emperor Gaozong of Tang, who ruled jointly with Empress Wu Zetian and was buried at the Qianling Mausoleum.<SEP>唐高宗(Emperor Gaozong of Tang) was the husband of武则天and supported her involvement in governance. He was later succeeded by武则天.<SEP>唐高宗是唐代皇帝，在位期间编修了《唐本草》，这是世界上第一部国家药典。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874215 骆宾王 person 骆宾王was a talented writer who opposed武则天but was praised by her for his literary skills despite their political differences. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873762 国子监 organization 国子监was the highest educational and administrative institution in唐朝, overseeing central and local schools. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873763 乾陵 geo The Qianling Mausoleum, the joint burial site of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian, featuring the 'Wordless Stele'.<SEP>乾陵is the joint mausoleum of唐高宗and武则天, located in modern-day Shaanxi province. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874215 开元盛世 event The **Kaiyuan Prosperity (开元盛世)** was a golden age of the Tang Dynasty, renowned for its political stability, economic growth, and cultural flourishing. It occurred during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong (唐玄宗) and is often compared to the earlier **Zhenguan Reign (贞观之治)** as one of the most prosperous periods in Tang history. This era was characterized by **political clarity (政治清明)**, **economic prosperity (经济繁荣)**, and **cultural vibrancy (文化兴盛)**, building upon the foundational reforms initiated by **Empress Wu Zetian (武则天)**. The Kaiyuan Prosperity marked the peak of Tang Dynasty's power, fostering advancements in arts, literature, and governance, solidifying its legacy as a pinnacle of Chinese imperial achievement. (Note: Contradictions were resolved by synthesizing overlapping themes—economic and cultural prosperity, political stability, and the influence of prior reforms—into a coherent narrative.) chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874227 科举制 category 科举制(Imperial Examination System) was expanded by武则天to include殿试(palace exams) and merit-based recruitment, broadening the talent pool.<SEP>科举制是通过考试选拔官员的制度，唐朝进一步完善，增加了考试科目，鼓励士人报考，进士科逐渐成为最重要的科目。 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874202 中书省 organization 中书省(Secretariat) was one of the Three Departments in the Tang Dynasty, responsible for drafting imperial edicts. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873763 门下省 organization 门下省(Chancellery) was one of the Three Departments in the Tang Dynasty, responsible for reviewing imperial edicts. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873763 尚书省 organization 尚书省(Department of State Affairs) was one of the Three Departments in the Tang Dynasty, responsible for executing imperial edicts. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873763 吏部 organization 吏部(Ministry of Personnel) was one of the Six Ministries under尚书省, handling official appointments. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873764 户部 organization 户部(Ministry of Revenue) was one of the Six Ministries under尚书省, managing taxation and census. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873764 礼部 organization 礼部(Ministry of Rites) was one of the Six Ministries under尚书省, overseeing ceremonies and education. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873764 兵部 organization 兵部(Ministry of War) was one of the Six Ministries under尚书省, in charge of military affairs. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873764 刑部 organization 刑部(Ministry of Justice) was one of the Six Ministries under尚书省, responsible for legal matters. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873764 工部 organization 工部(Ministry of Works) was one of the Six Ministries under尚书省, managing construction and infrastructure. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873764 殿试 category 武则天创立的科举考试最终环节<SEP>殿试(Palace Examination) was introduced by武则天as part of the imperial examination system, where she personally interviewed candidates. chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874203 贞观政要 category 贞观政要(Zhenguan Zhengyao) is a historical text documenting唐太宗's governance and policies. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873764 开元时期 event 开元时期(Kaiyuan Era) was a golden age during Emperor Xuanzong's reign, built on earlier Tang reforms.<SEP>开元时期marks the Kaiyuan era (713-741) of cultural flourishing under唐玄宗, when阿倍仲麻吕served in the Tang court. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873765 无字碑 category The 'Wordless Stele' at Qianling Mausoleum, whose blank surface has sparked historical debate about Wu Zetian's legacy.<SEP>无字碑(Wordless Stele) is武则天's blank monument at乾陵, symbolizing her controversial legacy. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874217 陕西乾县 geo 陕西乾县(Qian County, Shaanxi) is the location of乾陵, the joint tomb of唐高宗and武则天. chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873765 曲辕犁 category An advanced agricultural tool invented during the Tang Dynasty, improving farming efficiency.<SEP>曲辕犁is an advanced plow design from the Tang Dynasty, consisting of 11 components, known for its efficiency and ease of use in farming. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874216 陆羽 person 陆羽is a Tang Dynasty figure revered as the 'Sage of Tea' for his expertise in tea culture and authorship of 'The Classic of Tea,' the first comprehensive book on tea. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873765 《茶经》 category 《茶经》 is the world's first comprehensive monograph on tea, detailing its cultivation, preparation, and appreciation, written by Lu Yu. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873765 越窑青釉瓷带托茶盏 category 越窑青釉瓷带托茶盏is a type of celadon tea cup from the Yue Kiln, known for its green glaze and cultural significance in tea drinking. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873766 邢窑白釉瓷罐 category 邢窑白釉瓷罐is a white-glazed porcelain jar from the Xing Kiln, representing Tang Dynasty ceramic artistry. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873766 唐三彩 category Tang tri-color pottery, famous for its vivid glazes and intricate designs.<SEP>唐三彩is a type of polychrome glazed pottery from the Tang Dynasty, famous for its vibrant colors and lifelike figurines of horses, camels, and people. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874217 白居易 person Bai Juyi (白居易, 772–846) was a prominent poet of the Tang Dynasty, renowned for his accessible, narrative-style poetry that vividly depicted social realities and everyday life. His works, such as "登观音台望城" ("Ascending the Guanyin Terrace to Gaze at the City"), captured the vibrancy and layout of Chang'an, offering both critical observations and relatable storytelling. Widely celebrated for his straightforward and通俗易懂 (easy-to-understand) language, Bai Juyi's poetry resonated deeply with the public, making him one of the most influential literary figures of late Tang China. His enduring legacy lies in his ability to blend social commentary with vivid imagery, ensuring his works remained popular across generations. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874282 筒车 category An irrigation tool widely used in Tang agriculture, enhancing water management for crops.<SEP>筒车is an ancient water-lifting irrigation tool depicted in historical illustrations, showcasing Tang Dynasty agricultural technology. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874216 越窑 organization Yue Kiln, producer of renowned celadon wares during the Tang Dynasty.<SEP>越窑was a famous kiln producing celadon wares like the green-glazed tea cup with saucer. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874218 洛阳 geo **Luoyang (洛阳)** was a historically significant city in China, serving as a pivotal political, economic, and cultural center across multiple dynasties. During the **Sui Dynasty**, Luoyang was a key political and economic hub, as well as the central node of the **Grand Canal**, a critical infrastructure project that enhanced trade and transportation across the empire. In the **Tang Dynasty**, Luoyang held the status of the **eastern capital (东都)** and remained a major political and economic center. It gained further prominence under **Empress Wu Zetian (武则天)**, who made it the capital of her **Zhou Dynasty**, reinforcing its political significance. Additionally, Luoyang was a vital destination for cultural and intellectual exchange, attracting figures such as the monk **Jianzhen (鉴真)** during his early travels. Strategically located in present-day **Henan Province (河南洛阳)**, Luoyang was also the first major city captured by **An Lushan** during his rebellion, underscoring its importance in both governance and conflict. Throughout its history, Luoyang played multifaceted roles, shaping China's political landscape, economic development, and cultural heritage. chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769<SEP>chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874201 邢窑 organization Xing Kiln, famous for its high-quality white porcelain in the Tang era.<SEP>邢窑was renowned for its white porcelain production during the Tang Dynasty. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874218 宫城 geo 宫城was the imperial palace complex in Chang'an where the emperor lived and governed. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873767 皇城 geo 皇城housed the central government offices in the Tang capital Chang'an. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873767 外郭城 geo 外郭城was the outer city of Chang'an with residential wards and market areas. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873767 坊市制度 organization The ward-and-market system that organized Tang urban spaces and commerce.<SEP>坊市制度was the urban planning system separating residential and commercial areas in Tang cities. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874218 东市 geo 东市was one of the two main market areas in Chang'an. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873768 西市 geo 西市was the other main commercial center in Tang capital Chang'an. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873768 幽州 geo 幽州was a Tang administrative region corresponding to modern Beijing. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873768 邢州 geo 邢州was a Tang region known for porcelain production, modern Xingtai. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873768 益州 geo 益州was the Tang name for Chengdu region in Sichuan. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873768 明州 geo 明州was a Tang coastal region corresponding to modern Ningbo. chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873768 马 category Horse-related activities are mentioned as part of the vibrant and energetic spirit of the era. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873768 打球 category Ball games are mentioned as part of the lively activities of the era. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873769 拔河 category Tug-of-war is mentioned as one of the activities reflecting the energetic spirit of the era. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873769 射箭 category Archery is mentioned as one of the activities reflecting the dynamic spirit of the era. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873769 下棋 category Chess is mentioned as one of the activities reflecting the intellectual and lively spirit of the era. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873769 梨园 organization The Pear Garden was an institution founded by Emperor Xuanzong for teaching music and dance, and he is considered the patron saint of Chinese opera. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873769 霓裳羽衣曲 event The 'Song of the Rainbow Skirt and Feathered Dress' was a famous musical piece composed by Emperor Xuanzong, blending Central Asian and Chinese elements. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873769 安禄山 person An Lushan was a military general who rebelled against the Tang Dynasty, leading to the An Lushan Rebellion.<SEP>安禄山was the primary instigator of the An Lushan Rebellion against the Tang Dynasty.<SEP>安禄山是唐朝末年的一位节度使，发动了安史之乱，导致唐朝由盛转衰。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874219 杨贵妃 person Yang Guifei was a famous consort of Emperor Xuanzong, whose favoritism contributed to the An Lushan Rebellion. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873770 节度使 organization Military governors (Jiedushi) were regional commanders who gained significant power, contributing to the Tang Dynasty's decline.<SEP>节度使were regional military governors who gained autonomy, leading to the fragmentation of the Tang Dynasty.<SEP>节度使是唐朝中后期设立的军政长官，逐渐掌握地方大权，导致中央与地方力量失衡。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874221 郭子仪 person Guo Ziyi was a renowned general who played a key role in suppressing the An Lushan Rebellion and restoring Tang authority.<SEP>郭子仪是唐朝的一位将领，在安史之乱中发挥了重要作用，帮助平定了叛乱。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874219 藩镇割据 event The term **藩镇割据 (Fanzhen Geju, or "Regional Military Governors' Separatism")** refers to the system of autonomous regional warlordism that emerged in the **Tang Dynasty**, particularly after the **An Lushan Rebellion (安史之乱)**. This period was marked by the fragmentation of central authority as **regional military governors (节度使, Jiedushi)** gained significant autonomy, often maintaining their own armies and administrative control over their territories. The **Fanzhen system** allowed these governors to operate with considerable independence, which gradually eroded the Tang central government's power. While some governors nominally acknowledged imperial authority, many acted as de facto warlords, prioritizing local interests over those of the dynasty. This decentralization contributed to the long-term decline of the Tang Dynasty, as the central court struggled to reassert control over these semi-independent regions. In summary, **藩镇割据** describes the political and military fragmentation of late Tang China, where regional military governors' autonomy weakened imperial unity, ultimately hastening the dynasty's collapse. chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874253 黄巢起义 event The Huang Chao Rebellion was a major peasant uprising that further weakened the Tang Dynasty.<SEP>黄巢起义was a major peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty, led by Huang Chao, which severely weakened the Tang regime.<SEP>黄巢起义was a large-scale rebellion that further destabilized the Tang Dynasty, leading to its eventual collapse. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874230 《旧唐书·崔融传》 organization An ancient historical text documenting the prosperity of Tang Dynasty's waterways and trade. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873771 崔融 person A historical figure mentioned in the Old Book of Tang, associated with records of Tang Dynasty's prosperity. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873771 码头 geo Wharves mentioned as bustling hubs of trade and transportation during the Tang Dynasty. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873771 弘舸巨舰 category Large ships mentioned in historical texts, symbolizing the scale of Tang Dynasty's maritime trade. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873771 中央乐舞机构 organization Central music and dance administration managing thousands of performers during Tang Dynasty. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873772 乐工 person Musicians and performers under the central music administration during Tang Dynasty. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873772 《霓裳羽衣曲》 event A famous Tang Dynasty musical composition blending Chinese and Central Asian elements. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873772 西域 geo Central Asian region whose artistic elements influenced Tang Dynasty music and dance.<SEP>回鹘西迁的主要目的地之一，今新疆地区。<SEP>西域was a region controlled by the Tang Dynasty through安西都护府and北庭都护府. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874242 敦煌莫高窟第220窟 geo Cave 220 at Mogao Grottoes containing important Tang Dynasty dance murals. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873772 乐舞图 category Dance murals depicting Tang Dynasty musical and dance performances. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873772 天宝年间 event Tianbao era of Tang Xuanzong's reign marked by both cultural achievements and political decline. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873773 杨国忠 person Powerful official during late Tang Xuanzong reign, known for corruption and misgovernment. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873773 平卢 geo One of the three military districts controlled by An Lushan before his rebellion. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873773 范阳 geo Key military district controlled by An Lushan, base for his rebellion. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873773 河东 geo One of An Lushan's three military districts that contributed to his power. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873774 史思明 person An Lushan's general who continued the rebellion after An's death.<SEP>史思明was a co-leader of the An Lushan Rebellion who continued fighting after An's death.<SEP>史思明是安禄山的部将，参与了安史之乱。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874219 长安 geo **Chang'an (长安)** was the capital of the Tang Dynasty (唐朝), located in present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China (今陕西西安). As the political, economic, and cultural center of the Tang Empire, it was a meticulously planned and grand city, renowned for its symmetrical layout and bustling commerce. Chang'an was one of the largest cities in the world at the time and served as an international metropolis, attracting scholars, merchants, and diplomats from across Asia, including students from Silla (新罗) who studied there and participated in imperial examinations (科举考试). The city was also the starting point of the monk Xuanzang's (玄奘) westward journey to India and served as a model for Japan's Heijō-kyō. However, Chang'an faced periods of instability during major rebellions. It was captured by the forces of An Lushan (安禄山) during the An Lushan Rebellion and later occupied by Huang Chao's (黄巢) rebel forces. Despite these conflicts, Chang'an remained a symbol of Tang prosperity and cosmopolitan influence, leaving a lasting legacy in Chinese history. chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85<SEP>chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874215 潼关 geo Strategic pass whose fall allowed rebel forces to advance on Chang'an.<SEP>潼关是重要的军事要塞，在安史之乱中被叛军攻占，导致长安陷落。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874222 成都 geo **Chengdu (成都)** served as a significant refuge for multiple Tang emperors during periods of rebellion and upheaval. During the **An Lushan Rebellion (安史之乱)**, **Emperor Xuanzong (唐玄宗)** fled to Chengdu for safety. Later, during **Huang Chao's rebellion (黄巢起义)**, **Emperor Xizong (唐僖宗)** also sought refuge in the city to escape the rebel forces. Thus, Chengdu played a crucial role as a sanctuary for Tang dynasty rulers in times of crisis, particularly during the An Lushan and Huang Chao uprisings. *(Note: The descriptions are consistent, reinforcing Chengdu's historical role as a retreat for Tang emperors during rebellions. The Chinese and English references to the same events have been merged into a single coherent summary.)* chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874243 唐肃宗 person Tang emperor who succeeded Xuanzong and led the counterattack against the rebellion.<SEP>唐肃宗是唐玄宗之后的唐朝皇帝，在安史之乱期间继位，重用郭子仪等将领平定叛乱。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874221 回纥 organization The **回纥** (Uighurs/Uyghurs) were a nomadic tribe in northern Mongolia during the Sui and Tang dynasties. Their leader, **Qutlugh Bilge Köl** (骨力裴罗), unified the region and established the **Uighur Khaganate**. The 回纥 played a significant role in Tang politics, particularly during the **An Lushan Rebellion**, where they provided crucial military assistance to the Tang dynasty in suppressing the revolt. Later, the 回纥 were renamed **回鹘** (Huíhú) and maintained close ties with the Tang dynasty, engaging in frequent trade and diplomatic exchanges. As a powerful steppe confederation, they were influential in both regional politics and the Silk Road trade network. This summary integrates all provided descriptions, resolving minor variations (e.g., "Uighurs" vs. "Uyghurs") into a coherent narrative while preserving key historical details. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874240 华州郑县 geo Hometown of general Guo Ziyi, modern day Huazhou in Shaanxi. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873775 汾阳郡王 person Title granted to Guo Ziyi for his military achievements against the rebellion. chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873775 灵州 geo Important military town in modern Ningxia during late Tang.<SEP>灵州is located in present-day Ningxia Wuzhong. chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873775 唐朝 organization The Tang Dynasty (唐朝) was a powerful and influential Chinese dynasty, widely regarded as a golden age of Chinese civilization and one of the most significant periods in Chinese history. Founded by Li Yuan (李渊) with its capital at Chang'an, the dynasty is particularly renowned for its prosperous eras, such as the "Reign of Zhenguan" (贞观之治) and the "Kaiyuan Prosperity" (开元盛世). Politically, the Tang Dynasty was a centralized state that built upon the administrative systems of the preceding Sui Dynasty, achieving remarkable stability and territorial expansion. It exerted considerable influence over neighboring regions, including the Uighurs (回鹘), Bohai (渤海), and Nanzhao (南诏), maintaining close relations with these minority regimes. Economically and technologically, the dynasty fostered significant advancements, including innovations like the curved-shaft plow and the popularization of tea culture. It was also a hub for foreign trade, engaging in extensive cultural and economic exchanges with over 70 regions along the Silk Road, which facilitated the spread of Chinese arts, science, and medicine. Culturally, the Tang Dynasty was a flourishing era, celebrated for its poetry, calligraphy, painting, and medical achievements. It left an enduring legacy in East Asian history, shaping the political, economic, and cultural landscape of the region. However, the dynasty eventually declined due to internal corruption, the devastating An Lushan Rebellion, widespread peasant uprisings, and the rise of regional warlords, leading to its collapse in 907 AD. Despite its fall, the Tang Dynasty remains a symbol of prosperity and cultural brilliance in Chinese history. chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874219 杜甫 person Du Fu (杜甫, 712–770), also known as Du Zimei, was a renowned Chinese poet of the Tang Dynasty, widely celebrated as the "Sage of Poetry" (诗圣) for his profound literary contributions. Living during a period of transition from the Tang Dynasty's prosperity to its decline, Du Fu personally witnessed the turmoil of the An Lushan Rebellion and other societal upheavals, which deeply influenced his reflective and often melancholic poetry. His works are characterized by their realism and social consciousness, vividly depicting both the golden age of the Kaiyuan Era (开元盛世) and the subsequent suffering caused by war, political corruption, and the stark contrast between ideal and reality. Du Fu's poetry, such as "Recalling the Past" (忆昔), earned the epithet "Poetic History" (诗史) for its historical depth and poignant portrayal of societal struggles. Combining lyrical mastery with a compassionate gaze, his oeuvre remains a vital record of the era, reflecting the hardships endured by ordinary people. As one of China's most revered literary figures, Du Fu's legacy endures for his ability to merge artistic brilliance with profound humanistic concern. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874254 镇州 geo Military district in modern Hebei during late Tang period.<SEP>镇州is located in present-day Hebei Zhengding. chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873775 游州 geo Regional military center in modern Shanxi during late Tang.<SEP>游州is located in present-day Shanxi Changzhi. chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873775 魏州 geo Powerful military district in modern Hebei during late Tang.<SEP>魏州is located in present-day Hebei Daming. chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873775 江陵 geo Important regional center in modern Hubei during late Tang.<SEP>江陵is located in present-day Hubei Jingzhou. chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873776 流求 geo Ancient name for Taiwan, mentioned in Tang records.<SEP>流求is located in present-day Taiwan.<SEP>流求是隋唐时期对台湾的称呼。 chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873776 王仙芝 person 王仙芝was an early leader of the peasant uprising in 874 AD, preceding Huang Chao.<SEP>王仙芝was an early leader of the rebellion against the Tang Dynasty before his death, after which黄巢took over. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874229 黄巢 person 黄巢was a rebel leader during the Tang Dynasty who led a major uprising against the Tang government.<SEP>黄巢was a rebel leader who led a major uprising against the Tang Dynasty, establishing the short-lived Qi政权.<SEP>黄巢was the leader of the peasant uprising after Wang Xianzhi's death, who captured Guangzhou and Chang'an, and established the Da Qi regime. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874229 朱温 person 朱温was a former rebel general who defected to the Tang Dynasty, later founded the Later Liang, and ended the Tang Dynasty.<SEP>朱温was a former黄巢general who defected to the Tang, became汴州刺史and梁王, and later founded the后梁dynasty.<SEP>朱温was a military leader who overthrew the Tang Dynasty and established the Later Liang. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874230 后梁 organization 后梁was founded by朱温, who betrayed黄巢and was later appointed as汴州刺史and梁王. He established the梁dynasty after deposing the Tang.<SEP>后梁was the first of the Five Dynasties established by朱温after overthrowing the Tang.<SEP>后梁was the first of the Five Dynasties, founded by Zhu Wen in 907 AD. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874231 五代十国 event 五代十国was a period of political fragmentation following the fall of the Tang Dynasty, marked by regional warlordism and frequent regime changes.<SEP>五代十国was a period of political fragmentation in China following the fall of the Tang Dynasty. chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873776 周世宗 person 周世宗was a Later Zhou emperor whose reforms strengthened the state, paving the way for the Song Dynasty's unification.<SEP>周世宗was a reformist emperor of Later Zhou who strengthened central authority and laid the foundation for the Song Dynasty's unification. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874230 韩熙载 person 韩熙载was a Southern Tang official known for his extravagant lifestyle, depicted in the 'Night Revels of Han Xizai' painting. chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873777 曹州 geo 曹州is located in present-day Shandong Heze, hometown of Huang Chao. chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873777 广州 geo 广州was captured by Huang Chao's rebel forces during their southern campaign.<SEP>广州was captured by黄巢's forces during the rebellion.<SEP>广州是唐朝的一个重要港口城市，对外贸易十分活跃。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874220 狼虎谷 geo 狼虎谷was where Huang Chao met his defeat and death. chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873777 大齐政权 organization 大齐政权was the short-lived regime established by Huang Chao after capturing Chang'an.<SEP>大齐政权was the short-lived regime established by黄巢after capturing Chang'an. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874231 唐僖宗 person 唐僖宗was a Tang emperor who appointed朱温as汴州刺史after his defection from黄巢.<SEP>唐僖宗was the Tang emperor who fled to Chengdu during Huang Chao's rebellion.<SEP>唐僖宗was the Tang emperor who fled to Chengdu during黄巢's rebellion. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874229 后唐 organization 后唐was established by李存勖, who continued to use the Tang calendar after朱温's usurpation and later restored the唐dynasty.<SEP>后唐was one of the Five Dynasties that succeeded the Later Liang. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874232 后晋 organization 后晋was founded by石敬瑭, who named his dynasty晋after the historical region of河东where he was based.<SEP>后晋was one of the Five Dynasties that ruled northern China after the Tang.<SEP>后晋was one of the Five Dynasties that succeeded the Later Tang. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874232 后汉 organization 后汉was established by刘知远, who adopted the汉name to connect with the illustrious Han dynasty.<SEP>后汉was one of the Five Dynasties during the fragmentation period.<SEP>后汉was one of the Five Dynasties that succeeded the Later Jin. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874232 后周 organization 后周was founded by郭威, who traced his郭surname back to the周dynasty and named his regime accordingly.<SEP>后周was the last of the Five Dynasties, whose reforms paved the way for Song unification.<SEP>后周was the last of the Five Dynasties, whose reforms paved way for Song unification. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874232 北汉 organization 北汉was the only northern kingdom among the Ten Kingdoms, based in Taiyuan.<SEP>北汉was the only northern state among the Ten Kingdoms, based in Taiyuan. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874234 南唐 organization 南唐was one of the Ten Kingdoms, succeeding the Wu regime.<SEP>南唐was one of the most significant southern states during the Ten Kingdoms period. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874233 五代 category 五代refers to the five short-lived dynasties in northern China after Tang's fall.<SEP>五代refers to the five short-lived dynasties in northern China after the fall of the Tang Dynasty. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874230 唐玄宗 person Emperor Xuanzong of Tang (唐玄宗), a prominent ruler of the Tang Dynasty, presided over a period widely regarded as the dynasty's golden age, known as the Kaiyuan Prosperity (开元盛世). His early reign was marked by political clarity, economic prosperity, cultural flourishing, and military strength, achieved through effective reforms and capable governance. Xuanzong continued the policies of his predecessor, Empress Wu Zetian (武则天), and fostered cultural and intellectual advancements, including progress in music, dance, and astronomy. He promoted international exchanges by employing foreign talents such as the Japanese scholar Abe no Nakamaro (阿倍仲麻吕) and granted the title of *Huai Ren Kehan* (怀仁可汗) to the Turkic leader *Guli Peiluo* (骨力裴罗). Xuanzong also contributed to scientific development by summoning the monk Yi Xing (僧一行) to study astronomy and calendar systems, furthering Tang-era astronomical knowledge. However, his later years were marred by corruption and political decline, culminating in the catastrophic An Lushan Rebellion, which significantly weakened the Tang Dynasty and marked the beginning of its decline. Despite these challenges, his early reign remains celebrated as the dynasty's peak, embodying both its greatest achievements and the seeds of its eventual downfall. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874240 十国 category 十国refers to the ten regional regimes in southern China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.<SEP>十国refers to the ten regional regimes mainly in southern China during the same period. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874231 赵翼 person 赵翼is a historian known for his work '廿二史札记', which critiques historical events and figures. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873779 钱鏐 person 钱鏐was the ruler of the Wuyue Kingdom during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, known for his efforts in dredging West Lake and building seawalls. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873779 文成公主 person **Princess Wencheng (文成公主)** was a Tang Dynasty princess who married **Songtsen Gampo (松赞干布)**, the king of Tibet (吐蕃赞普). Her marriage played a pivotal role in fostering friendly relations between the Tang Dynasty (唐朝) and Tibet (吐蕃), as well as promoting cultural exchange between Han Chinese and Tibetan societies. The union strengthened diplomatic ties and facilitated the sharing of knowledge, technology, and traditions between the two regions. While the descriptions vary slightly in phrasing—some emphasizing "Tang-Tibet relations" while others highlight "唐蕃友好关系"—they consistently underscore her historical significance as a bridge between these two civilizations. The contradictions, if any, are minor and primarily linguistic (e.g., "汉藏" vs. "唐蕃"), reflecting different terminological preferences rather than factual discrepancies. Overall, Princess Wencheng is celebrated as a key figure in enhancing mutual understanding and cooperation between China and Tibet during the Tang era. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874253 松赞干布 person 松赞干布（Songtsen Gampo）是吐蕃王朝的赞普（国王），以其卓越的政治和军事才能统一了青藏高原，奠定了吐蕃强盛的基础。他积极推动吐蕃与唐朝的文化与技术交流，尤其以与唐朝和亲、迎娶文成公主而闻名。这一联姻不仅巩固了唐蕃之间的友好关系，还促进了中原文化、佛教以及先进生产技术传入吐蕃，对吐蕃的社会经济发展产生了深远影响。松赞干布在位期间，致力于吐蕃的治理与改革，深受唐朝文化的熏陶，其统治被视为吐蕃历史上的重要转折点。 chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874252 金城公主 person 金城公主was another Tang Dynasty princess who married Tibetan King Tride Tsuktsen, further strengthening Tang-Tibet relations. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873779 尺带珠丹 person 尺带珠丹was a Tibetan king who married Princess Jincheng and declared Tang and Tibet as 'one family'. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873779 吴越国 organization 吴越国was one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, ruled by Qian Liu. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873780 唐蕃和亲 event 唐蕃和亲refers to the diplomatic marriages between Tang princesses and Tibetan kings to foster peace and cultural exchange. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873780 西湖 geo 西湖is a famous lake in Hangzhou, which was dredged and preserved by Qian Liu during the Wuyue Kingdom. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873780 日月山 geo 日月山is a mountain in Qinghai, associated with the legend of Princess Wencheng and a symbol of Tang-Tibet friendship. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873780 逻些 geo 逻些was the capital of Tibet, now known as Lhasa. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873780 赤岭 geo 赤岭is located in modern-day Qinghai and is associated with Princess Wencheng's journey to Tibet. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873780 唐诗 category Tang poetry represents the golden age of Chinese poetry, with themes ranging from romanticism to social critique.<SEP>唐代诗歌的统称，代表了中国古代诗歌的巅峰时期，代表人物有李白、杜甫、白居易等。<SEP>唐诗refers to the poetry of the Tang Dynasty, which often reflects historical events and social conditions. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874273 历史佳话 category 历史佳话refers to historical anecdotes or stories that highlight cultural exchanges and diplomatic relations. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873780 《廿二史札记》 category 《廿二史札记》 is a historical critique by Zhao Yi analyzing events and figures across Chinese dynasties. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873780 五代时期 event 五代时期refers to the Five Dynasties period (907-960), marked by military dominance and political fragmentation. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873781 武将掌权 category 武将掌权describes the phenomenon of military leaders controlling governance during the Five Dynasties, causing instability. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873781 《无家别》 category 杜甫's poem depicting post-An Lushan Rebellion desolation, reflecting societal collapse and displacement. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873781 天宝 event 天宝era (742-756) preceded the An Lushan Rebellion, later referenced in poetry as a contrast to wartime devastation. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873781 撩湖兵 organization Specialized troops established by Qian Liu to dredge West Lake, addressing water management challenges. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873781 捍海塘 geo Seawalls built by Wuyue Kingdom to protect against Qiantang River tides, crucial for agricultural stability. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873782 钱王祠 geo A temple in Hangzhou commemorating Qian Liu's contributions to West Lake preservation. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873782 表忠观碑 category Inscriptions recording Qian Liu's governance achievements, particularly in water conservancy. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873782 《步辇图》 category Tang painting depicting Tibetan envoys' marriage proposal, symbolizing Tang-Tibet diplomacy. chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873782 唐蕃会盟碑 category Tang-Tibet alliance stele commemorating peace agreements under Emperor Muzong.<SEP>The Tang-Tibet Alliance Stele commemorates the friendly alliance treaty established during the reign of Emperor Muzong of Tang.<SEP>立于大昭寺前的历史文物，见证汉藏友好关系。 chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873783 突厥 geo The Turks (突厥) were a nomadic confederation that originated in the Altai Mountains (阿尔泰山) and rose to prominence in the mid-6th century, establishing the Turkic Khaganate. This empire controlled vast territories across the northern steppes and the Western Regions, becoming a significant power during the Sui and Tang dynasties in China. The Turks were known for their extensive interactions with Tang China, which included both conflict and cultural exchange. Over time, the Turkic Khaganate split into the Eastern Turks (东突厥) and Western Turks (西突厥), and after prolonged conflicts with the Tang dynasty, the confederation eventually dissolved. Their influence spanned a wide geographic range, reflecting their nomadic lifestyle and political dominance in the region. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874262 渤海 organization Bohai was a state established by the Mohe people in northeast China, known as the 'Prosperous Country of the East Sea' due to its economic and cultural ties with the Tang.<SEP>渤海国是唐朝时期东北地区的少数民族政权。<SEP>渤海是靺鞨族建立的政权，受唐朝册封，经济文化发展迅速，被称为'海东盛国'。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874243 南诏 organization Nanzhao was a kingdom in Yunnan, unified under Tang support, with strong cultural exchanges, including sending students to study in Tang.<SEP>南诏是隋唐时期中国西南地区的少数民族政权，位于今云南一带。<SEP>南诏是云南地区的政权，唐朝支持下统一六诏，崇尚儒学，与唐朝关系密切。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874243 安西都护府 organization The Protectorate General to Pacify the West was a Tang military government established to administer the Western Regions.<SEP>安西都护府是唐朝管理西域的重要军政机构，治所在今新疆库车。<SEP>安西都护府was a Tang administrative region governing parts of西域. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874242 北庭都护府 organization The Protectorate General to Pacify the North was another Tang military government overseeing northern parts of the Western Regions.<SEP>北庭都护府是唐朝设在西域的军政机构，治所在今新疆吉木萨尔。<SEP>北庭都护府was another Tang administrative region governing西域alongside安西都护府. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874242 唐穆宗 person Emperor Muzong of Tang who reigned during the establishment of the Tang-Tibet Alliance. chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873783 阿尔泰山 geo Altai Mountains, the region where the Turkic tribes originated in the 6th century. chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873783 安史之乱 event The **An Lushan Rebellion (安史之乱)** was a major uprising during the Tang Dynasty (755–763), led by the rebel generals An Lushan and Shi Siming, which significantly weakened the dynasty and marked the beginning of its decline. The rebellion caused widespread devastation, social upheaval, and a loss of central authority, leading to long-term political and economic consequences. It also resulted in regional fragmentation, further destabilizing the Tang government. During the conflict, the Uighurs (回纥) provided military assistance to the Tang Dynasty in suppressing the rebellion, playing a crucial role in its eventual suppression. The rebellion is widely regarded as a pivotal event that disrupted the stability of the Tang Dynasty, contributing to its transition from prosperity to decline. Additionally, the turmoil of the An Lushan Rebellion deeply influenced contemporary culture, inspiring the poetry of renowned Tang-era poet Du Fu, who documented the suffering and chaos of the period. Collectively, the An Lushan Rebellion is remembered as one of the most destructive civil conflicts in Tang history, accelerating the dynasty's decline and leaving a lasting impact on China's political and social landscape. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874240 突厥汗国 organization Turkic Khaganate, a powerful nomadic empire that controlled vast territories before being defeated by Tang. chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873784 东突厥 organization Eastern Turkic Khaganate, defeated by Emperor Taizong in 630 AD. chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873784 西突厥 organization Western Turkic Khaganate, conquered during Emperor Gaozong's reign. chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873784 天可汗 category Title 'Heavenly Khan' bestowed upon Tang emperors by northwestern tribes. chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873784 骨力裴罗 person Qutlugh Bilge Köl, Uighur leader who unified Mongolia and received Tang titles.<SEP>骨力裴罗was the回纥leader who unified漠北and was titled怀仁可汗by唐玄宗. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874240 回鹘 organization New name adopted by Uighurs, meaning 'swift as falcons'.<SEP>回鹘was the new name adopted by回纥after requesting approval from the Tang court.<SEP>回鹘是回纥改名后的政权，与唐朝贸易往来频繁，后因汗国灭亡而分散。 chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874242 维吾尔族 category Modern ethnic group descended from Uighur migrants to Xinjiang.<SEP>维吾尔族先民主体由西迁回鹘人融合当地民众形成。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874243 靺鞨 category Mohe people, ancient ethnic group in northeast China.<SEP>靺鞨是东北古老民族，其中粟末靺鞨建立渤海国。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874243 粟末靺鞨 category Sumo Mohe, branch that established Bohai State.<SEP>粟末靺鞨是靺鞨族分支，7世纪统一各部建立渤海政权。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874244 大祚荣 person Da Zuorong, founder of Bohai State who received Tang titles.<SEP>渤海政权建立者大祚荣，被唐玄宗封为渤海郡王。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874244 吐蕃 organization The Tibetan Empire (吐蕃) was a powerful kingdom located on the Tibetan Plateau during the Sui and Tang dynasties. As a significant minority regime, it maintained extensive diplomatic and political interactions with the Tang Dynasty, including the establishment of the Tang-Tibet Alliance Stele, which symbolized their formalized relations. However, the Tibetan Empire also engaged in military conflicts with the Tang, particularly taking advantage of internal rebellions to launch attacks on Tang territory. Despite these adversarial episodes, the two powers had a complex and multifaceted relationship, marked by both cooperation and confrontation. Overall, 吐蕃 played a crucial role in the regional dynamics of the time, influencing the political and military landscape of Central and East Asia.<SEP>吐蕃was a powerful kingdom in青藏高原, unified by松赞干布, and engaged in significant cultural exchanges with the Tang.<SEP>吐蕃是唐朝时期的西部政权，与唐有和亲关系。 chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874240 渤海郡王 category Title 'Prince of Bohai' granted by Tang to Da Zuorong. chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873785 六诏 category Six Zhao tribes in Yunnan before Nanzhao unification.<SEP>隋唐时期云南苍山洱海一带的六个部落，后由南诏统一。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874244 皮逻阁 person Piluoge, Nanzhao ruler who unified Yunnan with Tang support.<SEP>南诏首领皮逻阁，被唐玄宗册封为云南王。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874244 云南王 category Title 'King of Yunnan' granted by Tang to Piluoge. chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873785 千寻塔 geo Qianxun Pagoda in Dali, built during Nanzhao period.<SEP>千寻塔位于云南大理，建于南诏时期，是历史悠久的古塔。 chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873785 夷播海 geo 夷播海即今巴尔喀什湖，位于中亚地区。 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873785 小海 geo 小海即今贝加尔湖，位于西伯利亚南部。 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873786 大昭寺 geo 拉萨大昭寺是松赞干布主持修建的藏传佛教寺院，内有重要历史文物。 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873786 布达拉宫 geo 布达拉宫是西藏著名建筑，与大昭寺相望。 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873786 瓜州榆林窟 geo 敦煌艺术的重要组成部分，内有玄奘取经壁画。 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873786 平城京 geo Heijō-kyō was Japan's capital city, constructed in imitation of Tang China's Chang'an.<SEP>日本古都，仿唐长安城建造。 chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874246 玄奘 person Xuanzang (玄奘, 600–664) was a renowned Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, and translator during the Tang Dynasty. He is best known for his arduous journey to India (previously referred to in China as "天竺" or "身毒") to study Buddhism and obtain sacred scriptures. His travels significantly advanced Sino-Indian cultural exchange, and he later introduced the term "印度" (India) to China, replacing older names. Upon returning, Xuanzang dedicated himself to translating Buddhist texts, making substantial contributions to the development of Chinese Buddhism. He also authored *The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions* (*大唐西域记*), a detailed account of his travels and the regions he visited. His efforts not only enriched Buddhist scholarship in China but also facilitated broader cultural and religious exchanges between China and other regions. Xuanzang remains a pivotal figure in Chinese history, celebrated for his devotion to Buddhism, his scholarly achievements, and his role in bridging Eastern and South Asian cultures. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874267 敦煌莫高窟 geo The **Mogao Caves (敦煌莫高窟)**, located in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, China, are a renowned UNESCO World Heritage site celebrated for their exceptional Buddhist art, sculptures, and murals dating from the 4th to the 13th centuries. These caves house thousands of intricately decorated grottoes, featuring vivid depictions of religious scenes, music, dance, and even historical agricultural tools such as the curved-shaft plow. Among its many treasures, the Mogao Caves gained global significance with the discovery of the **Dunhuang manuscript cache**, which included the earliest printed version of the *Diamond Sutra*. As a cultural and historical landmark, the site preserves a rich legacy of Silk Road artistry and Buddhist heritage. (Note: The term *Diamond Sutra* was corrected from the original "Diamond Sutra" typo in the input for accuracy.)<SEP>The Mogao Caves in Dunhuang are a UNESCO World Heritage site featuring Buddhist art that reflects cultural exchanges along the Silk Road.<SEP>敦煌莫高窟是闻名世界的艺术宝库，代表了唐代艺术的巅峰。 chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874273 阿倍仲麻吕 person Abe no Nakamaro (阿倍仲麻吕, 698–770), also known as Chao Heng (晁衡), was a distinguished Japanese scholar and member of the Japanese missions to Tang China. He studied in the Tang dynasty for 54 years, becoming a prominent figure in cultural exchanges between Japan and China. During his long stay in Tang China, he held official positions and formed friendships with renowned poets such as Li Bai, further enriching Sino-Japanese literary and cultural interactions. Recognized as an outstanding international student among the Japanese envoys to Tang China, Abe no Nakamaro played a pivotal role in fostering diplomatic and intellectual ties between the two nations. His life and work remain a significant chapter in the history of East Asian cultural exchange. chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874264 王建 person 唐朝诗人，《凉州行》作者。 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873787 元稹 person 唐朝诗人，《法曲》作者。 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873787 遣隋使 event 日本派往隋朝的使团，开启中日官方交流。<SEP>日本派遣使团到隋朝学习，开启中日文化交流。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874246 遣唐使 event The **遣唐使** (Japanese missions to Tang China) were diplomatic and cultural exchanges in which Japan dispatched large-scale envoys to Tang Dynasty China. These missions played a crucial role in facilitating cultural and technological transfer between the two nations. The primary purpose of the 遣唐使 was to study China's advanced systems, institutions, and culture, thereby contributing to the development of Japanese society. These envoys promoted Sino-Japanese cultural exchange, allowing Japan to absorb and adapt elements of Tang governance, arts, and technology. The missions were a key mechanism for Japan to learn from China's prosperous civilization during this historical period. chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874261 文成公主入藏 event 唐朝与吐蕃和亲的重要历史事件。 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873787 唐蕃会盟 event 唐朝与吐蕃达成和平协议的历史事件。 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873787 开元通宝 category 唐朝官方铸币，影响深远。<SEP>开元通宝是唐朝的主要流通货币，对周边国家货币制度产生深远影响。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873788 和同开珎 category 和同开珎是日本和铜元年(708)仿唐朝开元通宝铸造的货币，反映了唐朝对日本的影响。<SEP>日本仿唐朝开元通宝铸造的货币。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873788 鸿胪寺 organization 唐朝负责外交事务的官方机构。<SEP>鸿胪寺是隋唐时期专门掌管接待周边地区各族首领和外国宾客的机构，负责朝贡事务、等级分辨、宴会统计等。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873788 民族交往 category 隋唐时期各民族之间的政治、经济和文化交流 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873788 凉州行 category 王建的诗作，反映民族文化交流 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873788 法曲 category 元稹的诗作，反映胡汉文化交融 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873788 端午(阳)节 category 中国传统节日，通过遣唐使传入日本 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873788 七夕节 category 中国传统节日，通过遣唐使传入日本 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873789 中元节 category 中国传统节日，通过遣唐使传入日本 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873789 重阳节 category 中国传统节日，通过遣唐使传入日本 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873789 唐僧取经 event 玄奘西行取经的历史事件 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873789 弘法大师 person 日本著名僧人，曾入唐学习 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873789 日本留学僧 category 随遣唐使来华学习的日本僧人群体 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873789 唐朝高僧 category 唐朝佛教界的杰出僧人代表 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873789 藏传佛教 category 通过文成公主传入吐蕃的佛教流派 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873790 文成公主进藏图 category 大昭寺内描绘和亲事件的壁画 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873790 中央官制 category 日本仿照唐朝建立的官僚制度 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873790 律令制度 category 日本仿照唐朝建立的法律体系 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873790 天文历法 category 唐朝传入日本的重要科学技术 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873790 书画艺术 category 唐朝传入日本的重要文化艺术 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873790 通宝 category 通宝是唐朝官方铸币，始铸于唐高祖武德年间，是唐朝的货币代表之一。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873790 鉴真 person Jianzhen was a revered monk from Yangzhou's Daming Temple who attempted six voyages to Japan to spread Buddhism, succeeding on the sixth attempt despite losing his eyesight.<SEP>鉴真was a Chinese monk who traveled to Japan to spread Buddhism. Like玄奘, he endured great hardships during his journey, symbolizing cultural exchange between China and Japan.<SEP>鉴真是扬州大明寺的高僧，东渡日本传授佛法，传播中国的医药、文学、书法、建筑、绘画等，对中日文化交流作出卓越贡献。 chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874247 扬州大明寺 organization Daming Temple in Yangzhou was the monastery where Jianzhen, a key figure in Tang-Japan cultural exchange, resided.<SEP>扬州大明寺是鉴真讲律传法的寺庙，也是他东渡日本的起点。 chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874247 唐招提寺 organization Tōshōdai-ji is a temple in Japan built under Jianzhen's guidance, reflecting Tang architectural style.<SEP>唐招提寺是鉴真在日本主持修建的寺庙，寺内鉴真像为日本一级国宝。 chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874254 日本奈良 geo 日本奈良是唐招提寺所在地，鉴真在此传播中国文化。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873791 新罗 geo Silla (Korea) is mentioned as a region influenced by Chinese culture, including the spread of woodblock printing.<SEP>Silla, a Korean kingdom, sent envoys and students to Tang China, adopted its political systems, and engaged in active trade and cultural exchange.<SEP>新罗是古代朝鲜半岛的国家，与唐朝往来频繁，派遣使臣和留学生学习中国文化。 chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874247 崔致远 person Choe Chiwon was a famous Silla scholar who passed the Tang imperial exams and became an official in China.<SEP>崔致远是新罗留学生，通过科举考试成为唐朝官员，著有《桂苑笔耕集》。 chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874248 天竺 geo **天竺 (Tianzhu)** was the ancient Chinese name for India, referring to the Indian subcontinent before the term **印度 (Yìndù)** was introduced by the Buddhist monk **玄奘 (Xuanzang)** during the Tang Dynasty. Tianzhu played a significant role in cultural and trade exchanges between China and India during this period. It was the destination of Xuanzang's famous pilgrimage, where he traveled to study Buddhism and later contributed to the spread of Buddhist teachings in China. The term "Tianzhu" reflects the historical Chinese perspective of India as a land of spiritual and intellectual significance, particularly in the context of Buddhist scholarship and exchange. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874271 那烂陀寺 organization Nalanda Monastery was a renowned Buddhist institution in India where Xuanzang studied.<SEP>那烂陀寺was a renowned Buddhist monastery in present-day Bihar, India, where玄奘studied.<SEP>那烂陀寺是天竺佛学最高学府，玄奘曾在此游学。 chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874253 《大唐西域记》 category 《大唐西域记》是玄奘口述的著作，记载了他游历的100多个国家和地区的山川风物及社会习俗。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873791 《桂苑笔耕集》 category 《桂苑笔耕集》是新罗人崔致远的诗文集，是现存最早的古代朝鲜半岛汉文典籍。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873791 唐高祖 person 唐高祖李渊是唐朝开国皇帝，在位期间开始铸造通宝货币。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873791 武德年间 event 武德年间是唐高祖在位时期，唐朝开始铸造通宝货币。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873791 和铜元年 event 和铜元年(708年)是日本仿制唐朝开元通宝铸造和同开珎的时间。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873791 日本 geo Japan adopted Tang China's systems, including central and local administration, legal codes, education, and economic policies, and built its capital, Heijō-kyō, modeled after Chang'an.<SEP>Japan is a country mentioned in the text for its cultural exchange with China, particularly in the creation of Japanese kana characters based on Chinese characters.<SEP>日本通过仿制唐朝货币和接受鉴真东渡等方式吸收唐朝文化。 chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874246 朝贡制度 category 朝贡制度是唐朝处理与周边国家外交关系的制度体系。 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873792 贞观年间 event 贞观年间refers to the Zhenguan era (627-649) when Tang China established diplomatic relations with the Byzantine Empire.<SEP>贞观年间是玄奘西行取经的时期。 chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873792 印度 geo 印度is the modern Chinese term for India, popularized by玄奘after his journey. It reflects his contribution to Sino-Indian cultural understanding. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873792 曲女城 geo 曲女城was an ancient city in present-day Uttar Pradesh, India, visited by玄奘during his travels. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873792 玉门关 geo 玉门关was a key pass on the Silk Road, located in modern-day Gansu, China, and part of玄奘's route. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873792 东罗马帝国 organization The Eastern Roman Empire is listed among the regions interacting with China during the Tang Dynasty.<SEP>The Eastern Roman Empire sent envoys to Tang China, contributing to diplomatic and cultural exchanges.<SEP>东罗马帝国(Byzantine Empire) had frequent diplomatic exchanges with the Tang Dynasty, sending envoys and gifts like lions and antelopes. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874254 大食 organization The Abbasid Caliphate (Dashi) had frequent diplomatic interactions with Tang China and helped spread Chinese papermaking to the West.<SEP>The Arab Empire (referred to as 'Dashi') is mentioned in the context of international relations during the Tang Dynasty.<SEP>大食refers to the Arab Empire (Islamic Caliphate), which had over 40 recorded diplomatic missions to Tang China and facilitated the spread of Chinese papermaking to the West. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874254 隋唐时期 event The **Sui-Tang period (隋唐时期, 581-907 AD)** was a pivotal era in Chinese history, encompassing both the Sui and Tang Dynasties. It is widely regarded as a golden age of Chinese culture, technology, and territorial expansion. This period was characterized by extensive ethnic interactions and cultural exchanges, both within China and with neighboring regions. The Sui-Tang era facilitated significant **ethnic integration (民族融合)** and fostered vibrant **cultural and technological advancements**, making it one of the most prosperous and influential periods in Chinese history. Additionally, it was marked by frequent **cultural exchanges between China and surrounding nations**, further enriching its societal and intellectual landscape. Overall, the Sui-Tang period was a time of unification, innovation, and cross-cultural engagement, leaving a lasting legacy in East Asian history. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873793 王玠 person 王玠was a Tang Dynasty figure who commissioned the earliest known printed book, the 'Diamond Sutra,' using woodblock printing for his parents' spiritual benefit. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873793 雕版印刷术 category Woodblock printing, developed in the Tang Dynasty, facilitated the spread of texts like Buddhist scriptures and calendars, influencing regions like Korea and Japan.<SEP>雕版印刷术(woodblock printing) was a Tang Dynasty invention used to print Buddhist texts, calendars, and books. It spread to Korea, Japan, Persia, and Europe, revolutionizing cultural exchange.<SEP>雕版印刷术是中国古代重大发明，促进了文化和知识的传播，推动了世界文明进程。 chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874272 《金刚经》 category 《金刚经》 (Diamond Sutra) is the world's earliest printed book, discovered in Dunhuang, showcasing Tang advancements in printing technology. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873793 僧一行 person **Summary of 僧一行 (Yi Xing):** 僧一行 (Yi Xing) was a renowned astronomer and monk during the Tang Dynasty. He was summoned by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang to the imperial court, where he specialized in astronomical and calendrical research. His most significant contributions include the compilation of the *Dayan Calendar* (*大衍历*), which became an important advancement in Chinese astronomy and mathematics. Additionally, he organized and conducted measurements of the Earth's meridian line, a pioneering effort that contributed to global astronomical knowledge. His work laid a foundation for future developments in both astronomy and mathematical sciences. 僧一行 remains a key historical figure in the study of ancient Chinese astronomy, recognized for his scholarly achievements and practical contributions to the field. chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874272 孙思邈 person Sun Simiao (孙思邈), a renowned Tang dynasty physician and pharmacologist, is celebrated as the "King of Medicine" for his significant contributions to Chinese and global medicine. He authored *Qianjin Fang* (*Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold*), a comprehensive medical text that synthesized pre-Tang medical theories and practices. The work contains over 5,300 prescriptions and documents more than 800 medicinal substances, reflecting his deep expertise and meticulous research. Sun Simiao was not only a master of medical techniques but also a strong advocate for medical ethics, emphasizing the moral responsibilities of physicians. His legacy endures through his influential writings and his revered status in traditional Chinese medicine. chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874273 《大衍历》 category The **《大衍历》 (Dayan Calendar)**, compiled by **Yi Xing (僧一行)** during the **Tang Dynasty**, was a significant astronomical and mathematical achievement that represented the advanced knowledge of the time. Developed as an astronomical calendar, it played a crucial role in the progress of **Tang Dynasty astronomy**, contributing to the dynasty's scientific accomplishments. The calendar reflects Yi Xing's expertise in both astronomy and mathematics, solidifying its importance in Chinese astronomical history. (Note: All descriptions consistently highlight the **《大衍历》** as a key Tang Dynasty work by Yi Xing, emphasizing its scientific and historical significance without contradictions.) chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874291 太学 organization 太学was the highest educational institution in Tang China, where foreign scholars like阿倍仲麻吕studied Chinese classics and passed imperial examinations. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873793 王维 person 王维was a renowned Tang poet and painter who befriended阿倍仲麻吕, reflecting cultural integration during the Tang era. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873794 《哭晁卿衡》 category 《哭晁卿衡》 is a poem by李白mourning the presumed death of阿倍仲麻吕, showcasing deep Sino-Japanese literary connections. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873794 奈良 geo 奈良(Nara) is a Japanese city where阿倍仲麻吕originated and where a memorial commemorates his cultural contributions. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873794 陕西西安 geo 陕西西安(Xi'an) was Tang Dynasty's capital and houses阿倍仲麻吕's memorial, symbolizing historical China-Japan ties. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873794 丝绸之路 event The Silk Road trade network that flourished during Tang, connecting China to Central Asia and beyond.<SEP>丝绸之路(Silk Road) was the trade network connecting Tang China with Asia/Europe, facilitating exchanges like玄奘's journey and papermaking's spread. chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874219 《千金方》 category 'Qianjin Fang' by Sun Simiao compiled medical theories and practices, including over 5,300 prescriptions and 800 medicinal substances.<SEP>《千金方》是唐代孙思邈所著的医药学著作，孙思邈被尊为‘药王’。<SEP>《千金方》是孙思邈所著的医学著作，总结了历代医学理论和实践经验，收录了大量药方和药物信息。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874272 《唐本草》 category The 'Tang Materia Medica,' commissioned by Emperor Gaozong, was the first state-sponsored pharmacopoeia in the world.<SEP>《唐本草》是世界上第一部由国家编定颁布的药典，编修于唐高宗时期。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874273 韩愈 person Han Yu was a Tang Dynasty thinker who criticized Buddhism and advocated for Confucianism, addressing its socio-economic impacts.<SEP>韩愈是唐代思想家，强烈抨击佛教，主张复兴儒学。他指责佛教耗费财富，加重百姓负担，曾反对唐宪宗迎佛骨入宫。<SEP>韩愈是唐代著名思想家，对后世影响深远。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874256 柳宗元 person Liu Zongyuan was a Tang philosopher representing atheism and materialism, arguing that natural laws govern the universe.<SEP>柳宗元是唐代无神论和朴素唯物主义思想的代表，认为宇宙由元气构成，主张人力支配自然。<SEP>柳宗元是唐代著名思想家，与韩愈齐名。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874257 李白 person Li Bai (李白, 701–762), also known as the "Poet Immortal" (诗仙), was a renowned Chinese poet of the Tang Dynasty, celebrated as one of the greatest figures of the High Tang (盛唐) era. His poetry is characterized by a romantic, exuberant, and imaginative style, embodying the confident and aspirational spirit of the time. Li Bai's works often express a deep love for nature, particularly China's majestic landscapes, as well as a passion for freedom, adventure, and the joys of life, including drinking and friendship. His verses reflect both personal idealism and the broader cultural vitality of the Tang Dynasty, earning him enduring admiration in Chinese literary history. Combining lyrical beauty with bold expressiveness, Li Bai remains an iconic symbol of classical Chinese poetry. chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874278 颜真卿 person Yan Zhenqing (颜真卿) was a celebrated calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty, renowned for his distinctive and influential style. His calligraphy is characterized by its robustness, dignity, and a harmonious blend of strength and grace, often described as "端正劲美，雄浑敦厚" (upright, vigorous, majestic, and solemn). Among his most famous works is the "Yan Qinli Stele" (颜勤礼碑), which exemplifies his mastery and enduring legacy in Chinese calligraphy. Yan Zhenqing's contributions have left a lasting impact on the art form, earning him widespread recognition as one of the greatest calligraphers in Chinese history. chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874282 柳公权 person Liu Gongquan (柳公权), also known as Liu Gongquan, was a renowned calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty, celebrated for his distinctive and influential style. His brushwork was characterized by sharp, vigorous strokes, often described as "方折峻丽" (precise, angular, and majestic) with a strong and dynamic force ("笔力劲健"). Among his most famous works is the "Xuanmi Pagoda Stele" (玄秘塔碑), which exemplifies his mastery of calligraphy. Liu Gongquan was held in high esteem during his time and is often mentioned alongside Yan Zhenqing (颜真卿), another legendary Tang Dynasty calligrapher, reflecting their shared prominence in Chinese calligraphic history. His contributions left a lasting legacy in the art of Chinese calligraphy. chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 阎立本 person Yan Liben was a prominent Tang Dynasty painter known for figure paintings.<SEP>阎立本是唐代画家，擅长人物画，人物形态各异，神形兼备。<SEP>阎立本是唐代著名画家，作品具有重要艺术价值。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874267 吴道子 person Wu Daozi (吴道子) was a legendary painter of the Tang Dynasty, widely celebrated as the 'Sage of Painting' (画圣) for his exceptional contributions to Chinese art. Renowned for his religious and landscape artworks, his painting style was characterized by vigorous, bold brushstrokes and an unrestrained, expressive technique. Among his most famous works is *Heavenly King Sending His Son* (天王送子图), which exemplifies his mastery and innovative approach. Wu Daozi's influence on Chinese painting remains profound, cementing his status as one of the most revered artists in Chinese history. (Note: Contradictions were resolved by combining overlapping details—e.g., his titles, artistic style, and notable works—into a unified description.) chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874289 天文学 category 天文学是唐代取得重要成就的领域之一，僧一行的《大衍历》和子午线测量是其代表。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873795 医药学 category 医药学是唐代另一重要领域，孙思邈的《千金方》和《唐本草》是其杰出成果。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873795 佛教 category Buddhism: major religion in Tang, criticized by Confucians for resource consumption.<SEP>佛教在唐代广泛传播，引发社会经济问题，遭到韩愈等思想家的反对。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874273 儒学 category Confucianism: revived by Han Yu to counter Buddhism's influence.<SEP>儒学在唐代受到佛教挑战，韩愈主张复兴儒学以维护其正统地位。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874274 唐宪宗 person 唐宪宗是唐代皇帝，曾迎佛骨入宫供奉，引发韩愈的强烈反对。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873796 《静夜思》 category 《静夜思》是李白的著名诗作，体现了其浪漫主义风格。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873796 《早发白帝城》 category 《早发白帝城》是李白的代表诗作之一，展现其豪放的诗风。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873796 《将进酒》 category 《将进酒》是李白的经典诗作，表达其豪迈的人生态度。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873796 三吏 category '三吏'是杜甫的代表作之一，反映社会现实和人民疾苦。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873796 三别 category '三别'是杜甫的代表作之一，描写战争带来的离别之苦。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873796 《长恨歌》 category 《长恨歌》是白居易的长篇叙事诗，讲述唐玄宗与杨贵妃的爱情悲剧。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873796 《琵琶行》 category 《琵琶行》是白居易的代表作，通过琵琶女的遭遇反映社会现实。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873796 《与元九书》 category 《与元九书》是白居易的文学理论著作，提出'文章合为时而著'的创作主张。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 人物画 category 唐代人物画成就显著，阎立本是代表人物之一。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 山水画 category 山水画是唐代绘画的重要类型之一。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 花鸟画 category 花鸟画是唐代绘画的重要类型之一。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 宗教画 category 宗教画是唐代绘画的重要类型之一。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 元气论 category 柳宗元提出的朴素唯物主义宇宙观，认为世界由元气构成。 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 赵州桥 geo 赵州桥, also known as Anji Bridge, is the world's oldest stone arch bridge, designed by Li Chun during the Sui Dynasty. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 隋唐文化 category 隋唐文化refers to the cultural achievements during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, including poetry, calligraphy, painting, and architecture. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 Tang Dynasty Poetry category Tang Dynasty Poetry represents one of the highest achievements in Chinese literature, with poets like Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 颜勤礼碑 category 颜勤礼碑is a famous stele calligraphy work by Yan Zhenqing from the Tang Dynasty. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 玄秘塔碑 category 玄秘塔碑is a renowned stele calligraphy work by Liu Gongquan from the Tang Dynasty. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 送子天王图 category 送子天王图is a famous painting by Wu Daozi from the Tang Dynasty, depicting Buddhist themes. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 甘肃敦煌 geo 甘肃敦煌is the location of Mogao Caves, a significant Buddhist art site along the Silk Road. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 鸣沙山 geo 鸣沙山is the mountain near Dunhuang where the Mogao Caves were carved. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873797 李春 person 李春was the Sui Dynasty engineer who designed and built the Zhaozhou Bridge. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873798 安济桥 geo 安济桥is another name for Zhaozhou Bridge, the world's oldest stone arch bridge. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873798 洨河 geo 洨河is the river in Zhao County where Zhaozhou Bridge was built. chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873798 敦煌艺术 category 以敦煌莫高窟为代表的艺术形式，展现了唐代艺术的辉煌成就。<SEP>敦煌艺术refers to the Buddhist art treasures found in Mogao Caves, including sculptures and murals. chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874277 社会现实 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 白居易的诗作直面社会现实，通俗易懂，反映民间疾苦。 UNKNOWN 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873819 诗歌 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 唐朝是中国诗歌创作的黄金时期，产生了李白、杜甫等伟大诗人。 UNKNOWN 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 书法 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 唐朝书法艺术成就显著，出现了颜真卿、柳公权等大家。 UNKNOWN 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 绘画 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 唐朝绘画题材广泛，包括人物画、山水画等多种类型。 UNKNOWN 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 杨坚 person 杨坚是隋朝的开国皇帝，即隋文帝，他在581年建立隋朝，并统一全国，推动了经济和文化的发展。 chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874188 陈后主 person 陈后主是南方陈朝的最后一个皇帝，沉迷享乐，不问政事，导致陈朝被隋朝灭亡。 chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874188 科举取士制度 category 科举取士制度是隋朝创立的选官制度，通过考试选拔人才，取代了之前的门第选官制度。 chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874189 陈朝 organization 南朝陈是隋朝统一前的最后一个南方政权，因陈后主昏庸亡国。 chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874189 唐太宗李世民 person 唐太宗李世民是唐朝的第二位皇帝，年号'贞观'，以励精图治、虚心纳谏、从善如流著称，开创了'贞观之治'的盛世局面。 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874190 江都 geo 江都是隋炀帝被杀的地方，位于今江苏扬州。 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874201 《炀帝陵》 category 罗隐的诗作，讽刺隋炀帝的统治结局 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874202 平陈业 event 隋炀帝统一南陈的功业，与其最终失败形成对比 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874202 玄武门之变 event 唐太宗李世民夺取皇位的关键事件 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874203 周 organization 武则天改国号建立的王朝 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874203 姚崇 person Chancellor Yao Chong, a key advisor to Emperor Xuanzong during the Kaiyuan era.<SEP>姚崇是唐玄宗时期的贤相，熟悉吏治，富于改革精神，提出了多项切中时弊的政策建议。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874215 宋璟 person Chancellor Song Jing, another prominent advisor to Emperor Xuanzong during the Kaiyuan era.<SEP>宋璟是唐玄宗时期的贤相，与姚崇一起推动了政治和经济的改革。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874216 蜀锦 category A type of silk brocade from Sichuan, renowned for its vibrant colors and intricate patterns. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874216 越窑青瓷 category Celadon porcelain from the Yue Kiln, prized for its jade-like quality. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874217 邢窑白瓷 category White porcelain from the Xing Kiln, known for its snow-like appearance. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874217 科举考试 event The imperial examination system expanded during the Tang Dynasty, with the Jinshi (进士科) becoming the most prestigious subject.<SEP>The imperial examination system was adopted by Silla from Tang China to select officials. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874217 武则天统治时期 event The reign period of Empress Wu Zetian, marked by political reforms and controversy. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874217 长安城 geo The capital Chang'an, featuring advanced urban planning with palace, administrative, and commercial districts. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874218 海上丝绸之路 event The Maritime Silk Road that expanded during Tang, boosting coastal trade. chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874219 东北三省 geo 东北三省在唐玄宗时期首次被纳入中国版图，设置了黑水都督府和渤海都督府。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874220 政治 category 政治是唐朝统治的重要方面，包括吏治整顿、任用贤能和修订律法等。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874220 经济 category 经济是唐朝繁荣的基础，包括农业、商业和财政改革等。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874220 军事 category 军事是唐朝强大的保障，包括兵制改革和边疆开拓等。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874220 文化 category 文化是唐朝兴盛的表现，包括文教提倡和人才辈出等。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874221 黑水都督府 organization 黑水都督府是唐朝在东北地区设置的行政机构，标志着东北地区纳入唐朝版图。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874221 渤海都督府 organization 渤海都督府是唐朝在东北地区设置的行政机构，加强对东北地区的统治。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874222 河北 geo 河北是安史之乱的发源地，叛军从此地大举南下。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874225 食封制 category 食封制是唐玄宗时期的经济改革措施，增加政府财政收入。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874227 律法 category 律法是唐朝政治制度的重要组成部分，唐玄宗时期进行了修订。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874228 屯田 category 屯田是唐朝在边境地区推行的军事经济政策，用于扩张疆域。 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874228 回纥军队 organization 回纥军队provided military aid to help suppress the rebellion during the Tang Dynasty. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874229 安史旧将 organization 安史旧将were military leaders from the An Lushan Rebellion who later held significant power, contributing to regional fragmentation. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874229 唐朝灭亡 event 唐朝灭亡marks the end of the Tang Dynasty in 907 AD, replaced by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874230 北方地区 geo 北方地区suffered severe economic and social damage during the An Lushan Rebellion and subsequent conflicts. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874231 黄河流域 geo 黄河流域was the core region of the Five Dynasties after the fall of the Tang Dynasty. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874231 叛军 organization 叛军refers to the rebel forces during the An Lushan Rebellion that opposed the Tang Dynasty. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874231 吴 organization 吴was one of the Ten Kingdoms in southern China during the fragmentation period. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874232 吴越 organization 吴越was one of the Ten Kingdoms known for its relative stability. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874233 前蜀 organization 前蜀was one of the Ten Kingdoms in southwestern China. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874233 后蜀 organization 后蜀was one of the Ten Kingdoms that succeeded the Former Shu. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874233 楚 organization 楚was one of the Ten Kingdoms in central southern China. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874233 闽 organization 闽was one of the Ten Kingdoms in southeastern China. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874233 南汉 organization 南汉was one of the Ten Kingdoms in southern China. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874233 南平 organization 南平was one of the smaller Ten Kingdoms in central China. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874234 杜牧 person 杜牧was a late Tang poet who wrote about historical events including the An Lushan Rebellion. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874234 河南 geo 河南was where王仙芝initiated his rebellion against the Tang Dynasty. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874234 东南沿海 geo 东南沿海experienced relative stability and economic development during the Ten Kingdoms period. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874234 长江流域 geo 长江流域saw significant development during the Ten Kingdoms period. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874235 河湟 geo 河湟region is mentioned in Du Mu's poetry as being affected by the An Lushan Rebellion. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874235 藩镇 category 藩镇refers to the autonomous military provinces that became powerful during the late Tang. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874235 宦官专权 category 宦官专权describes the eunuchs' growing political power that contributed to Tang's decline. chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874235 《春望》 category 《春望》 is a famous poem by杜甫, reflecting on the devastation of war and the resilience of nature. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874235 李存勖 person 李存勖was the son of李克用, a major Tang loyalist, and founded the后唐dynasty after defeating后梁. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874235 石敬瑭 person 石敬瑭was a son-in-law of后唐明宗李嗣源and founded the后晋dynasty, naming it after the historical晋region. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874236 刘知远 person 刘知远was a沙陀族leader who founded the后汉dynasty, adopting the汉name to legitimize his rule. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874236 郭威 person 郭威was a military leader who founded the后周dynasty, linking his surname郭to the ancient周dynasty. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874236 汴州 geo 汴州was a region where朱温served as刺史and宣武军节度使under the Tang Dynasty. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874241 宣武军节度使 organization 宣武军节度使was a military title held by朱温under the Tang Dynasty. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874241 李克用 person 李克用was a Tang loyalist and father of李存勖, who was granted the title of晋王for his service. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874241 河东节度使 organization 河东节度使was a military-administrative position held by李克用and later by石敬瑭. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874241 后唐明宗李嗣源 person 后唐明宗李嗣源was a ruler of后唐and father-in-law of石敬瑭. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874241 沙陀族 category 沙陀族was an ethnic group to which刘知远belonged, though he adopted the汉surname. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874242 虢国 geo 虢国was an ancient state whose descendants adopted the surname郭, linking郭威to the周dynasty. chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874242 怀仁可汗 person 怀仁可汗是回纥的首领，在安史之乱中曾出兵帮助唐朝平叛。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874243 黑龙江流域 geo 靺鞨族主要生活在黑龙江流域。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874244 新疆地区 geo 西迁回鹘人主要定居今新疆地区。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874244 河西走廊 geo 回鹘汗国灭亡后，部分余众西迁至河西走廊。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874244 咸海 geo 盛唐时疆域西至咸海，显示唐朝强大势力范围。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874245 巴尔喀什湖 geo 唐朝西北疆域到达巴尔喀什湖以东、以南地区。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874245 贝加尔湖 geo 唐朝北疆至贝加尔湖，反映辽阔疆域。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874245 外兴安岭 geo 唐朝东北疆域延伸至黑龙江以北、外兴安岭一带。 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874246 唐人 category The term 'Tang People' reflects the high global prestige of Tang China, with Chinese people being widely recognized as such. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874254 大明寺 organization Daming Temple in Yangzhou was the monastery where Jianzhen resided before his voyages to Japan. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874254 贞观 event Zhenguan era was the reign period when Xuanzang began his journey to India. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874255 开元 event Kaiyuan era was when the Eastern Roman Empire sent multiple envoys to Tang China. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874255 狮子 category Lions were among the tribute items sent by the Eastern Roman Empire to Tang China. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874255 羚羊 category Antelopes were among the tribute items sent by the Eastern Roman Empire to Tang China. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874255 造纸术 category Papermaking technology spread from Tang China to the West via the Abbasid Caliphate. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874255 平假名 category Hiragana, a Japanese script, was developed under influence of Chinese characters.<SEP>Japanese hiragana, derived from Chinese cursive script. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874255 片假名 category Japanese katakana, developed from Chinese character components.<SEP>Katakana, a Japanese script, was developed under influence of Chinese characters. chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874256 吉备真备 person Kibi no Makibi was a Japanese scholar who contributed to the creation of Japanese kana characters based on Chinese characters. chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874256 空海和尚 person Kūkai (also known as Kōbō Daishi) was a Japanese monk who played a key role in developing Japanese kana characters. chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874256 静夜思 category Li Bai's iconic poem, exemplifying Tang lyrical simplicity. chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874274 三吏三别 category Du Fu's poetic series on conscription's horrors during An Lushan Rebellion. chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874274 长恨歌 category Bai Juyi's narrative poem critiquing Emperor Xuanzong's excesses. chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874274 琵琶行 category Bai Juyi's poem blending personal exile with social commentary. chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874274 莫高窟壁画 category Mogao murals: depict trade, music, and daily life on Silk Road. chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874274 子午线测量 event Yi Xing's groundbreaking terrestrial meridian measurement project. chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874275 盛唐 event 盛唐是唐朝的鼎盛时期，社会自信豪迈，文化繁荣，李白生活于此时期。 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874275 唐朝由盛转衰 event 唐朝由盛转衰时期是国家动荡的阶段，杜甫生活于此时期，诗歌风格受此影响。 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874275 唐朝后期 event 唐朝后期社会趋于稳定但国力减弱，白居易生活于此时期，诗歌风格反映日常生活。 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874276 雕版印刷 category 中国古代重大发明，通过大量复制图书促进了文化和知识的传播。 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874276 地球子午线 category 僧一行组织实测地球子午线长度，代表了唐代天文学的成就。 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874276 合为事而作 category 白居易提出的诗歌创作理念，强调诗歌应反映社会现实。 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874277 北宋 chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 后周's reforms under周世宗laid the foundation for the Song Dynasty's unification. UNKNOWN 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874289 日本文字 chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd Kibi no Makibi contributed to the creation of Japanese kana characters based on Chinese characters. UNKNOWN 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874298 寺院经济 chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd Monastic estates' tax exemptions sparked Confucian backlash (e.g., Han Yu). UNKNOWN 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 唐代艺术 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 敦煌莫高窟是唐代艺术的代表，展现了唐代文化的辉煌。 UNKNOWN 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 17.0 隋炀帝ordered the construction of the Grand Canal to strengthen transportation and control over the empire.<SEP>隋炀帝下令开通大运河，以加强南北交通和巩固统治。 construction,governance,infrastructure,transportation chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874277 8.0 隋炀帝established the进士科, marking the beginning of the imperial examination system. education reform,meritocracy chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873798 9.0 隋炀帝's oppressive policies and heavy labor demands led to widespread peasant uprisings. oppression,rebellion chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873799 8.0 隋炀帝ordered the construction of东都洛阳as part of his grand projects. construction,governance chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873799 7.0 隋炀帝ordered the construction of the Great Wall during his reign. defense,infrastructure chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873799 7.0 隋炀帝built imperial highways to improve transportation across the empire. governance,transportation chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873799 9.0 隋炀帝launched three costly and unsuccessful campaigns against Korea. military campaigns,resource drain chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873799 7.0 罗隐wrote poetry criticizing隋炀帝's rule and downfall. historical criticism,literature chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873800 16.0 隋炀帝最终葬于雷塘，象征其统治的失败<SEP>隋炀帝死后被迁葬至雷塘，象征其统治的终结。 历史结局,历史评价,墓葬地点,象征意义 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874280 16.0 隋炀帝的残暴统治导致隋朝灭亡。<SEP>隋炀帝的残暴统治是隋朝速亡的主要原因。 decline,rebellion,王朝覆灭,统治失败 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874278 9.0 隋炀帝创立进士科，确立科举考试制度。 institutional innovation chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874279 8.0 隋炀帝曾完成平陈统一大业，但最终失败 历史功绩,成败对比 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874280 15.0 The Grand Canal was centered around洛阳, connecting major cities and rivers.<SEP>大运河以洛阳为中心，连接了南北多个重要城市。 economic exchange,economic growth,hub,transportation hub chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874277 7.0 涿郡was the northern endpoint of the Grand Canal. geographical connection,trade route chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873798 7.0 余杭郡was the southern endpoint of the Grand Canal. geographical connection,trade route chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873798 15.0 The Grand Canal connected to the海河river system.<SEP>大运河通过涿郡连接海河水系。 infrastructure,water transport,waterway connection chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874278 16.0 The Grand Canal connected to the黄河river system.<SEP>黄河是大运河的核心连接水系之一。 infrastructure,key transportation route,water transport chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874278 8.0 The Grand Canal connected to the淮河river system. infrastructure,water transport chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873800 8.0 The Grand Canal connected to the长江river system. infrastructure,water transport chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873800 8.0 The Grand Canal connected to the钱塘江river system. infrastructure,water transport chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873800 9.0 含嘉仓通过大运河接收江南粮食，保障灾荒时期的粮食供应。 国家储备,粮食运输 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873801 9.0 大运河连接江南与北方，运输粮食赋税。 南北交通,经济命脉 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 7.0 大运河通过余杭郡连接钱塘江水系。 southern waterway chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874279 8.0 隋文帝initiated reforms that laid the foundation for the imperial examination system. education reform,governance chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873799 8.0 唐太宗完善科举制度，增加考试科目，促进人才选拔，巩固贞观之治。 人才选拔,制度完善 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873800 9.0 进士科是科举制度的核心考试科目。 人才选拔,考试体系 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 8.0 崔致远通过唐朝科举考试成为官员。 educational achievement,official career chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873817 8.0 新罗引进唐朝科举制度选拔官员。 institutional transfer,political reform chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873817 25.0 The peasant uprisings contributed to the collapse of the Sui Dynasty.<SEP>农民起义直接导致了隋朝的灭亡<SEP>隋末农民起义直接导致王朝覆灭。 dynastic collapse,dynastic cycle,revolution,social unrest,王朝覆灭,社会矛盾 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5<SEP>chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874279 8.0 李密was a major rebel leader who contributed to the fall of the Sui Dynasty. dynastic collapse,rebellion chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873800 8.0 唐朝refined the三省六部制and other systems inherited from隋朝, avoiding its rapid collapse. institutional legacy,reform chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873803 9.0 杨坚是隋朝的开国皇帝，建立了隋朝并统一全国。 founder,unification chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874277 8.0 科举取士制度由隋朝创立，改革了选官制度，加强了中央集权。 centralization,reform chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874277 8.0 唐太宗吸取隋朝速亡的教训，励精图治，避免重蹈覆辙。 历史教训,治国借鉴 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874280 9.0 The peasant uprisings first erupted in山东地区due to heavy burdens. rebellion,social unrest chunk-82574678ba0670a2c4ecc65cd4a4dcd5 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873800 8.0 唐太宗吸取隋朝农民起义的教训改革政策 历史借鉴,治国方略 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874281 8.0 农民起义like黄巢's rebellion accelerated the Tang Dynasty's collapse. dynastic pressure,popular uprising chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 9.0 隋文帝589年灭陈朝，完成全国统一。 conquest,unification chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874278 8.0 隋文帝定都大兴(今西安)，建立政治中心。 capital establishment chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874279 7.0 武则天重视进士科，推动科举制度发展 人才选拔,制度改革 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874281 7.0 科举制改革了魏晋以来的门阀选官制度。 historical transition chunk-48eb75327f0fe7cdd7914daddc87aab7 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874279 9.0 含嘉仓位于东都洛阳城内，是国家粮储中心。 国家储备,城市建设 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873801 7.0 罗隐通过《炀帝陵》诗评价隋炀帝功过。 历史反思,文学评价 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873801 8.0 罗隐创作了《炀帝陵》一诗评价隋炀帝 历史评价,文学创作 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874280 8.0 含嘉仓向关中地区调拨粮食救济灾荒。 灾害救济,粮食调配 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 10.0 唐太宗重用魏征，采纳其谏言，体现'以人为镜'的治国理念。 君臣关系,纳谏治国 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873801 10.0 唐太宗通过勤政、纳谏、改革等措施开创贞观之治。 治国方略,盛世开创 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873801 8.0 李渊建立唐朝后定都长安，奠定唐朝基业。 建国定都,政治中心 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873801 8.0 李渊从太原起兵反隋，建立唐朝。 军事行动,政权起源 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 9.0 李渊趁农民起义时机起兵建立唐朝。 政权更迭,时势造英雄 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 10.0 李渊是唐朝的建立者，定都长安，逐步统一全国。 王朝建立,统一国家 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874279 8.0 唐太宗完善三省制，提高行政效率。 制度创新,治国方略 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 10.0 唐太宗李世民励精图治，开创了'贞观之治'的盛世局面。 政治清明,盛世开创 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874279 8.0 贞观之治为后来的开元盛世奠定基础 历史发展,盛世传承 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874281 9.0 完善三省六部制是贞观之治的重要成就 政治制度,盛世基础 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874281 18.0 Emperor Taizong's reign created the 'Zhenguan Governance' model that became a benchmark for later rulers.<SEP>唐太宗的统治时期被称为'贞观之治'，以国家统一和社会安定著称。 governance model,historical legacy,盛世,统治 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874283 8.0 该文献系统记载了魏征的谏言事迹。 人物传记,历史记载 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 8.0 唐太宗relied on魏征's advice to reflect on the Sui Dynasty's collapse and implement reforms. governance,historical reflection chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 9.0 魏征直言善谏，为唐太宗提供了重要的监政匡己的帮助。 君臣关系,谏言辅政 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874279 9.0 房玄龄与杜如晦合作辅佐唐太宗，形成'房谋杜断'的执政模式。 政治搭档,治国理政 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873801 8.0 唐太宗进一步完善三省六部制，提高了行政效率。 政治制度,行政改革 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874280 8.0 Emperor Taizong refined the Three Departments and Six Ministries system to strengthen centralized governance. bureaucratic efficiency,governance reform chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874281 7.0 唐太宗陵墓展现其军事功绩和艺术成就。 历史纪念,帝王陵寝 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 8.0 飒露紫是唐太宗征战时的坐骑，体现其军事生涯。 个人历史,军事象征 chunk-66024bc80ade0292d0e87095f43183ab 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 7.0 贞观政要records唐太宗's governance strategies and reflections on Sui Dynasty's collapse. historical documentation chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873803 9.0 Emperor Taizong defeated the Eastern Turkic Khaganate and implemented policies that earned him the title 'Heavenly Khan'. conquest,leadership chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873812 10.0 Emperor Taizong conquered the Eastern Turks in 630 AD. empire expansion,military conquest chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873813 8.0 唐太宗was revered as '天可汗' by西北各族for his ethnic policies. ethnic relations,political honor chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874293 9.0 唐太宗推行和亲政策，将文成公主嫁与吐蕃松赞干布。 和亲政策,民族和睦 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874294 17.0 武则天expanded the科举制, introducing殿试and merit-based recruitment to strengthen governance.<SEP>武则天大力发展科举制，创立殿试，不拘一格选拔人才。 education reform,meritocracy,人才选拔,制度改革 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874280 7.0 武则天initially governed with唐高宗's support and later succeeded him, establishing her own dynasty. co-governance,political succession chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873802 6.0 武则天admired骆宾王's literary talent despite his opposition to her rule. political conflict,talent recognition chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873803 9.0 开元盛世was partly enabled by武则天's economic and administrative reforms. economic foundation,governance continuity chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873803 9.0 武则天established殿试to directly assess talent, strengthening the imperial examination system. education reform,meritocracy chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873803 16.0 Empress Wu's intentional blank stele has been interpreted as either supreme confidence or acknowledgement of controversial legacy.<SEP>无字碑represents武则天's complex legacy, leaving her achievements open to interpretation. historical ambiguity,historical legacy,power symbolism chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043<SEP>chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874283 8.0 唐玄宗inherited and expanded武则天's policies, leading to开元盛世. policy continuity chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873804 7.0 武则天以洛阳为都城，建立了周朝。 政治中心,都城选择 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874280 8.0 武则天改国号为周，建立自己的王朝 女性统治,政权更迭 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874281 7.0 Empress Wu Zetian was buried alongside Emperor Gaozong at the Qianling Mausoleum, where her 'Wordless Stele' stands. burial site,historical legacy chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874282 8.0 武则天是唐朝的一位女皇帝，延续了唐朝的繁荣。 延续,统治 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 9.0 唐高宗时期编修了《唐本草》，这是世界上第一部国家药典。 医学典籍,国家工程 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873820 7.0 国子监was central to唐朝's education system, fostering talent for the bureaucracy. education,state-building chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873803 7.0 乾陵is situated in陕西乾县, serving as the resting place for唐高宗and武则天. geographical location chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873804 7.0 杜甫's poem '忆昔' vividly describes the societal prosperity during开元盛世. historical record,literature chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873804 8.0 The Tang Dynasty experienced the 'Kaiyuan Prosperity,' a peak of cultural and economic achievement. cultural flourishing,golden age chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873807 20.0 Emperor Xuanzong's reforms and capable leadership led to the 'Kaiyuan Prosperity,' a peak of Tang power.<SEP>唐玄宗的统治时期被称为'开元盛世'，以政治清明和经济繁荣著称。 effective governance,golden age,盛世,统治 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874282 9.0 Chang'an thrived as the capital during the Kaiyuan Prosperity, reflecting the era's economic and cultural vibrancy. capital city,cultural hub chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874282 7.0 The invention of the curved-shaft plow boosted agricultural productivity during the Kaiyuan Prosperity. farming,technological innovation chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874282 7.0 The widespread use of waterwheels improved irrigation, supporting Tang agricultural growth. irrigation technology,productivity chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874282 6.0 Shu brocade exemplified the advanced textile industry during the Tang's golden age. craftsmanship,luxury goods chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874283 8.0 中书省drafted edicts that were reviewed by门下省, ensuring checks in the Tang administration. bureaucracy,governance chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873803 9.0 门下省approved edicts for尚书省to execute, completing the Tang administrative process. policy implementation chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873803 8.0 吏部operated under尚书省, managing civil appointments in the Tang bureaucracy. administrative hierarchy chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873804 10.0 开元时期was the peak of唐玄宗's reign, marked by economic and cultural prosperity. golden age,governance chunk-ce2fa10fec0ccfdd8f36d10b45d5f769 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873803 8.0 The开元时期saw woodblock printing's maturation, enabling mass production of texts like the 'Diamond Sutra.' cultural dissemination,technological progress chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873819 8.0 敦煌莫高窟's murals depict the curved-shaft plow, highlighting its significance in Tang Dynasty agriculture. agricultural innovation,historical depiction chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873804 9.0 The curved-shaft plow represented Tang advancements in farming tools. agricultural innovation chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873805 9.0 These two agricultural innovations worked synergistically to revolutionize Tang farming productivity. agricultural revolution,technological synergy chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874283 10.0 陆羽authored 'The Classic of Tea,' systematizing tea knowledge and elevating tea culture during the Tang Dynasty. cultural contribution,literary achievement chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873804 7.0 The Yue Kiln tea cup exemplifies Tang Dynasty advancements in porcelain and tea culture. ceramic artistry,cultural practice chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873804 7.0 The Xing Kiln jar reflects the Tang Dynasty's mastery of white porcelain production. artistic expression,technological innovation chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873804 9.0 唐三彩symbolizes the Tang Dynasty's artistic creativity and multicultural influences. artistic legacy,cultural exchange chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873804 7.0 Tri-color pottery became a prized export commodity along the Silk Road trade routes. cultural export,trade goods chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 8.0 白居易's poetry captures the structured layout and lively atmosphere of Chang'an. literary depiction,urban life chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873805 8.0 白居易的诗作直面社会现实，通俗易懂，反映民间疾苦。 现实主义,诗歌主题 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873819 7.0 白居易的《长恨歌》讲述了唐玄宗与杨贵妃的爱情悲剧。 叙事诗,爱情主题 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 8.0 《琵琶行》通过琵琶女的遭遇反映了社会现实。 现实主义,社会写照 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 7.0 《与元九书》阐述了白居易'文章合为时而著'的文学主张。 创作思想,文学理论 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 8.0 白居易's narrative and accessible poetry is a significant part of Tang Dynasty Poetry. literary contribution,narrative style chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 8.0 Critiqued imperial decadence through Xuanzong-Yang Guifei tragedy. political allegory chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 7.0 白居易生活在唐朝后期，其诗歌风格注重描绘日常生活，通俗易懂。 时代背景,诗歌风格 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874300 8.0 白居易是唐诗的代表人物之一，其作品以通俗易懂著称，反映日常生活。 社会描写,诗歌风格 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 8.0 白居易提出‘合为事而作’的创作理念，强调诗歌应反映社会现实。 文学理论,社会关怀 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 8.0 The waterwheel was an important Tang Dynasty agricultural innovation. agricultural technology chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873805 8.0 Yue Kiln's celadon production flourished during the Tang. ceramic arts chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873805 7.0 The rival kilns represented the dual excellence of Tang ceramics - celadon and white porcelain. artistic rivalry,ceramic innovation chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874283 7.0 洛阳是唐朝的东都，是重要的政治和经济中心。 东都,经济 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 8.0 Xing Kiln's white porcelain was a Tang specialty. ceramic production chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873805 8.0 This region was home to the famous Xing Kiln. ceramic production chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873806 9.0 The palace was the imperial heart of the capital. urban structure chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873805 8.0 This area housed the capital's government offices. administrative center chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873806 8.0 The outer city contained residential and commercial districts. urban planning chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873806 8.0 Chang'an's advanced urban planning implemented the ward-and-market system for efficient city management. social organization,urban planning chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 7.0 These were the twin commercial centers of Chang'an. urban commerce chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873806 7.0 Youzhou was an important northern Tang administrative center. regional governance chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873806 7.0 Chengdu region was economically important in Tang times. regional economy chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873806 8.0 Emperor Xuanzong founded the Pear Garden to promote music and dance, reflecting his cultural contributions. cultural patronage,music education chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873806 20.0 An Lushan initiated the rebellion against the Tang Dynasty, causing its decline.<SEP>安禄山发动了安史之乱，导致唐朝由盛转衰。 military uprising,political instability,叛乱,衰落 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 9.0 An Lushan controlled this important military district before his rebellion. military power,regional control chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873807 10.0 This was An Lushan's primary power base for launching his rebellion. military strength,rebellion base chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873808 17.0 An Lushan's general who continued the rebellion after An's death.<SEP>安禄山and史思明jointly led the An Lushan Rebellion against the Tang Dynasty. military alliance,military succession,rebellion continuation,rebellion leadership chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874288 8.0 河北是安禄山的势力范围，也是安史之乱的发源地。 势力范围,叛乱起源 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 9.0 节度使权力过大是导致安史之乱的重要原因。 叛乱原因,权力失衡 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 9.0 节度使's autonomy undermined central authority, contributing to the Tang Dynasty's fragmentation. central decline,regional autonomy chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874287 9.0 藩镇were governed by节度使who held autonomous military and political power. military authority,regional governance chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 18.0 Guo Ziyi was instrumental in suppressing the An Lushan Rebellion and restoring Tang authority.<SEP>郭子仪在安史之乱中发挥了重要作用，帮助平定了叛乱。 military leadership,restoration,将领,平叛 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 9.0 Guo Ziyi coordinated with Uyghur allies to suppress the rebellion. military alliance,rebellion suppression chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873808 9.0 唐肃宗重用郭子仪等将领平定安史之乱。 平叛,重用将领 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 16.0 Regional warlordism (藩镇割据) significantly weakened the Tang Dynasty's central authority.<SEP>The Tang Dynasty's central authority weakened due to the autonomy of regional military governors. decentralization,dynastic decline,political decentralization,political fragmentation chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873807 25.0 The An Lushan Rebellion initiated the system of regional warlordism that plagued the late Tang.<SEP>安史之乱led to the rise of autonomous regional governors, creating藩镇割据.<SEP>安史之乱后形成藩镇割据的局面。 fragmentation,historical causation,political instability,rebellion aftermath,政治后果,权力分散 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 17.0 The Huang Chao Uprising severely weakened the Tang Dynasty, leading to its eventual collapse.<SEP>This peasant rebellion further weakened the already declining Tang Dynasty. dynastic collapse,rebellion,social unrest chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873808 8.0 黄巢起义accelerated the collapse of the Tang Dynasty. dynastic fall,rebellion impact chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874288 8.0 The text documents the busy wharves and maritime trade during Tang Dynasty. historical record,maritime trade chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873807 8.0 The central administration managed thousands of music and dance performers. cultural management,performance arts chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873807 9.0 Emperor Xuanzong composed this famous musical piece blending Chinese and Central Asian styles. cultural creation,musical innovation chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873807 9.0 安西都护府was established by the Tang to govern西域. colonial administration,territorial control chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874293 8.0 北庭都护府jointly governed西域with安西都护府. dual administration,regional control chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874293 8.0 西迁回鹘成为维吾尔族先民主体，主要定居新疆。 地域文化,民族融合 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874295 8.0 This cave contains important murals depicting Tang Dynasty music and dance. artistic record,cultural preservation chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873808 8.0 Emperor Xuanzong's reliance on Yang Guozhong contributed to political corruption. governance decline,political favoritism chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873808 8.0 史思明是安禄山的部将，参与了安史之乱。 参与,叛乱 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 18.0 长安was the Tang Dynasty's capital, embodying its grandeur and status as a global center of trade and culture.<SEP>长安是唐朝的首都，以其严整对称的布局和繁华的商业著称。 international hub,urban planning,繁华,首都 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-ac7dace88f9a74327c21e741f8bf98a7 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 10.0 Huang Chao's rebel army captured and occupied Chang'an, the Tang capital. capital capture,military conquest chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873809 18.0 Heijō-kyō was modeled after Tang China's capital Chang'an in layout and design.<SEP>日本平城京仿照唐长安城建造，显示城市规划的借鉴。 cultural imitation,urban planning,城市建设,文化传播 chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 9.0 潼关失守导致长安陷落。 军事要地,防御体系 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 8.0 Emperor Xizong fled to Chengdu to escape Huang Chao's advancing forces. capital relocation,imperial retreat chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873809 7.0 唐玄宗在安史之乱期间逃亡至成都。 流亡,避难 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 32.0 The **Tang Dynasty (唐朝)** and the **Uighurs (回纥, later known as 回鹘)** shared a significant political and economic relationship during the mid-8th century. The Uighurs played a crucial role in aiding the Tang Dynasty by providing military support during the **An Lushan Rebellion (安史之乱)**, helping to suppress the revolt and restore stability. Following this alliance, the two powers engaged in frequent trade, with the Uighurs exchanging horses for Tang silk, fostering a robust economic partnership. Over time, the Uighurs underwent a name change, becoming known as the **Huihu (回鹘)**, but their diplomatic and commercial ties with the Tang Dynasty remained strong. Historical records consistently highlight their military assistance during the An Lushan Rebellion and their subsequent trade relations, reinforcing their role as key allies of the Tang Dynasty during this period. (Note: The descriptions are consistent, with minor variations in phrasing. The summary integrates all key details—military aid, trade, and the name change—into a coherent narrative.) military aid,military alliance,trade,trade relations,军事援助,民族关系,贸易往来 chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 17.0 Uighurs provided military assistance to Tang during the rebellion.<SEP>回纥assisted the Tang Dynasty in suppressing安史之乱. crisis support,military alliance,rebellion suppression chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874293 7.0 回纥renamed itself回鹘with Tang approval. diplomatic relations,name change chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874294 31.0 The **An Lushan Rebellion (安史之乱)** was a major rebellion during the **Tang Dynasty (唐朝)** that significantly weakened the dynasty and marked the beginning of its decline. The revolt severely disrupted the Tang central authority, leading to long-term political and economic instability. Additionally, the rebellion required external assistance to suppress, with the **Uyghurs (回纥)** aiding the Tang forces in quelling the uprising. The aftermath of the An Lushan Rebellion left the Tang Dynasty in a diminished state, accelerating its eventual downfall. dynastic decline,political decline,rebellion,rebellion impact,叛乱与平叛 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 16.0 Zhu Wen defected to the Tang Dynasty, later betrayed it, and established the Later Liang, ending the Tang.<SEP>朱温overthrew the Tang Dynasty, establishing the Later Liang. betrayal,dynastic overthrow,new regime,regime change chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874288 9.0 Songtsen Gampo sought to learn from Tang culture and technology. cultural exchange,diplomacy chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873810 8.0 The Tang-Tibet marriages were a key part of Tang diplomacy. cultural exchange,diplomacy chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873811 14.0 Their complex relations involved both warfare and cultural exchange.<SEP>突厥had complex relations with唐朝, including conflicts and eventual dissolution. Tang expansion,border relations,ethnic dynamics,nomadic conflict chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874291 16.0 Bohai maintained close economic and cultural ties with the Tang, including sending students to study in Tang.<SEP>渤海受唐朝册封，经贸文化往来密切，派遣学生赴唐学习。 cultural exchange,diplomacy,册封关系,文化交流 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874294 16.0 Nanzhao was unified under Tang support and adopted Confucianism, sending many students to study in Tang.<SEP>南诏在唐朝支持下统一六诏，唐玄宗册封其首领，并派遣学生赴唐求学。 education,political support,儒学传播,政治支持 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874294 15.0 Tang and Tibet maintained complex relations culminating in the alliance.<SEP>唐朝通过和亲政策与吐蕃建立友好关系。 border stability,diplomatic relations,和亲政策,外交关系 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874294 8.0 Tang emperors received the Heavenly Khan title from northwestern tribes. imperial authority,tribal recognition chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873813 27.0 Silla sent envoys and students to Tang China, adopted its systems, and engaged in trade, showing strong cultural and political ties.<SEP>唐朝与新罗保持密切交往，包括政治制度、科举考试、贸易等方面。<SEP>新罗与唐朝往来频繁，派遣使臣和留学生学习中国文化，双方贸易活跃。 cultural exchange,diplomacy,diplomatic relations chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 19.0 Japan extensively adopted Tang China's political, legal, and cultural systems, reflecting deep influence.<SEP>唐朝文化对日本产生深远影响，体现在货币、建筑、佛教等方面。 cultural assimilation,cultural influence,international relations,reform chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 8.0 鸿胪寺是唐朝处理外交事务的官方机构。 diplomatic service,government administration chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873817 8.0 唐朝在天文学领域取得辉煌成就，如僧一行的《大衍历》和子午线测量。 历史贡献,科学进步 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873820 9.0 唐朝在医药学领域有重大贡献，如孙思邈的《千金方》和《唐本草》。 医学发展,药典编修 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873820 9.0 唐朝是中国诗歌创作的黄金时期，产生了李白、杜甫等伟大诗人。 文化成就,文学繁荣 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 8.0 唐朝书法艺术成就显著，出现了颜真卿、柳公权等大家。 文化传承,艺术发展 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 8.0 唐朝绘画题材广泛，包括人物画、山水画等多种类型。 艺术繁荣,风格多样 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 8.0 广州是唐朝的一个重要港口城市，对外贸易十分活跃。 港口,贸易 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874285 7.0 东北三省在唐玄宗时期首次被纳入中国版图。 开拓,边疆 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874285 8.0 政治是唐朝统治的重要方面，包括吏治整顿和任用贤能等。 吏治,统治 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874285 9.0 经济是唐朝繁荣的基础，包括农业和商业等。 农业,繁荣 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874285 8.0 军事是唐朝强大的保障，包括兵制改革和边疆开拓等。 强大,边疆 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874285 9.0 文化是唐朝兴盛的表现，包括文教提倡和人才辈出等。 兴盛,文教 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874285 8.0 回纥军队aided the Tang Dynasty in suppressing the An Lushan Rebellion. military aid,rebellion suppression chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874287 10.0 黄巢's rebellion delivered a fatal blow to the Tang Dynasty. dynastic collapse,rebellion chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874287 7.0 宦官专权contributed to the Tang Dynasty's political decline. dynastic weakness,political corruption chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 17.0 Tang court hosted Japanese/Korean envoys for institutional knowledge transfer.<SEP>唐朝接纳日本遣唐使，促进中日文化交流。 diplomatic exchange,国际交流,文化传播 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874295 7.0 日本留学生阿倍仲麻吕长期在唐学习生活。 文化使者,跨国学习 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874295 8.0 The Abbasid Caliphate frequently interacted with Tang China and facilitated the spread of Chinese papermaking to the West. diplomacy,technological diffusion chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 7.0 The Eastern Roman Empire sent envoys to Tang China, contributing to cross-continental exchanges. cultural interaction,diplomacy chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 25.0 Poems like 'Three Officials' documented rebellion's societal trauma.<SEP>杜甫's poetry reflects the social devastation caused by the An Lushan Rebellion.<SEP>杜甫's poetry vividly describes the suffering caused by the An Lushan Rebellion. historical testimony,historical witness,literary record,poetry,social reflection chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874288 10.0 The poet's work vividly captures post-rebellion societal trauma. literary testimony,social history chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873811 9.0 李白和杜甫是唐代最著名的诗人，分别被誉为'诗仙'和'诗圣'，代表唐诗的巅峰。 文学成就,诗歌创作 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873819 8.0 杜甫的'三吏'深刻反映了社会现实和人民疾苦。 现实主义,社会批判 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873820 8.0 杜甫的'三别'描写了战争带来的离别之苦。 战争题材,民生疾苦 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 9.0 杜甫is a central figure in Tang Dynasty Poetry, known for his realistic and socially engaged works. literary contribution,social commentary chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 9.0 杜甫wrote《春望》, reflecting his personal and national sorrow during wartime. literature,war reflection chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 18.0 Du Fu's works reflect the suffering and turmoil during the Tang Dynasty's decline.<SEP>杜甫生活在唐朝由盛转衰时期，其诗歌风格反映了国家动荡和个人命运的多舛。 historical context,social realism,时代背景,诗歌主题 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 9.0 杜甫是唐诗的代表人物之一，其作品反映了唐朝由盛转衰的社会现实。 历史反映,诗歌主题 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 8.0 Huang Chao was born in Caozhou (present-day Heze, Shandong). birthplace,origin chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873808 9.0 Huang Chao established the Da Qi regime after capturing Chang'an. rebel leader,regime founding chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873809 7.0 Huang Chao's forces captured Guangzhou during their southern campaign. military expansion,southern campaign chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873809 8.0 朱温was originally a general under黄巢before defecting to the Tang Dynasty. defection,rebellion chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874291 18.0 Zhu Wen founded the Later Liang Dynasty after the fall of the Tang.<SEP>朱温founded the后梁dynasty after betraying黄巢and deposing the Tang. dynasty founding,founder,new regime,political betrayal chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 7.0 唐僖宗appointed朱温as汴州刺史after his defection from黄巢. defection reward,political appointment chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874291 8.0 朱温served as汴州刺史and宣武军节度使in汴州. military command,regional governance chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874292 7.0 Emperor Shizong of Later Zhou implemented reforms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period to stabilize and unify the region. reform,unification chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873808 6.0 Han Xizai's lifestyle reflects the political instability and paranoia among officials during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. cultural reflection,political instability chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873808 9.0 Emperor Shizong implemented important reforms during the Later Zhou period. imperial leadership,political reform chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873810 7.0 周世宗's reforms strengthened the Later Zhou, a key state in the Five Dynasties. reforms,state strengthening chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874288 6.0 Han Xizai was a high-ranking official in the Southern Tang court. court official,political culture chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873810 9.0 李存勖established the后唐dynasty, continuing the Tang legacy after defeating后梁. Tang legacy,dynasty restoration chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 7.0 石敬瑭founded the后晋dynasty, naming it after the晋region where he was based. dynasty naming,regional identity chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 8.0 刘知远founded the后汉dynasty, adopting the汉name to connect with the historical Han dynasty. dynasty naming,historical legitimacy chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 8.0 Later Zhou was the last of the Five Dynasties before the Song unification. historical sequence,political transition chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873809 8.0 后周's reforms under周世宗laid the foundation for the Song Dynasty's unification. dynastic transition,political reform chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874289 7.0 郭威established the后周dynasty, linking his surname to the ancient周dynasty. dynasty naming,surname legacy chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 7.0 Southern Tang was one of the most prominent among the Ten Kingdoms. regional regime,southern China chunk-df80b67bb404a554f6c8beb9fb9fffa1 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873809 7.0 南唐succeeded the Wu regime among the Ten Kingdoms. dynastic succession,regional continuity chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874289 7.0 五代and十国coexisted during the post-Tang fragmentation period. political fragmentation,regional division chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874288 17.0 Emperor Xuanzong's later reign was marked by corruption and mismanagement, leading to the An Lushan Rebellion.<SEP>唐玄宗's reign saw the outbreak of the An Lushan Rebellion that began Tang's decline. imperial rule,political decline,rebellion,rebellion outbreak chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4<SEP>chunk-06f6550c9ad402067a980532c8a68459 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874288 8.0 唐玄宗employed阿倍仲麻吕in his court, demonstrating Tang's meritocratic policies toward foreign talents. imperial patronage,multicultural governance chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873818 8.0 唐玄宗征召僧一行入宫研究天文历法，推动了唐代天文学发展。 帝王支持,科学发展 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873820 18.0 Emperor Xuanzong relied on Chancellor Yao Chong for implementing key reforms during the Kaiyuan era.<SEP>姚崇是唐玄宗时期的贤相，提出了多项切中时弊的政策建议。 political advisor,reform implementation,改革,贤相 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874282 17.0 Emperor Xuanzong worked with Chancellor Song Jing to stabilize the Tang Dynasty's administration.<SEP>宋璟是唐玄宗时期的贤相，与姚崇一起推动了政治和经济的改革。 governance,political partnership,改革,贤相 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f<SEP>chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874282 7.0 Emperor Xuanzong expanded the examination system, making Jinshi the premier path to officialdom. institutional reform,talent selection chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874283 7.0 唐玄宗granted骨力裴罗the title of怀仁可汗. diplomatic recognition,political title chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874293 7.0 唐玄宗册封南诏首领皮逻阁为云南王。 册封制度,政治承认 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874294 8.0 唐玄宗封粟末靺鞨首领大祚荣为渤海郡王。 册封关系,政权合法化 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874294 8.0 东南沿海region benefited from relative stability under various Ten Kingdoms. political stability,regional development chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874289 8.0 长江流域saw economic growth during the Ten Kingdoms period. economic development,regional prosperity chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874290 9.0 Zhao Yi authored this critical historical analysis covering multiple dynasties. historical critique,scholarship chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873811 9.0 钱鏐initiated the dredging of West Lake to improve water supply and agriculture. environmental management,governance chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873810 9.0 The king established specialized troops to maintain West Lake's hydrological functions. environmental governance,innovation chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873811 38.0 Princess Wencheng (文成公主) married Songtsen Gampo (松赞干布), the ruler of Tibet, in a union that significantly strengthened the political and cultural ties between the Tang Dynasty and Tibet (唐蕃关系). This marriage not only fostered friendly relations but also facilitated cultural exchange between the two regions. The alliance is widely regarded as a pivotal moment in promoting peace and cooperation between Tang China and Tibet during that era. (Note: The descriptions are consistent and reinforce the same historical event, emphasizing the diplomatic and cultural significance of the marriage.) cultural exchange,diplomacy,diplomatic marriage,和亲政策,政治婚姻,文化交流 chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26<SEP>chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e<SEP>chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874300 7.0 日月山is associated with the legend of Princess Wencheng's journey to Tibet. cultural symbol,legend chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873811 7.0 The painting immortalizes the diplomatic marriage she symbolized. cultural memory,diplomacy chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873811 8.0 文成公主促进了藏传佛教的发展 宗教传播 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 9.0 壁画记录了文成公主入藏的历史 历史记录 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 8.0 The king established Lhasa as Tibet's political and cultural center. state-building,urban development chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873812 8.0 松赞干布主持修建大昭寺，作为藏传佛教重要寺院。 历史人物,宗教建筑 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873814 8.0 松赞干布unified青藏高原and established吐蕃as a significant power. kingdom building,unification chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874291 8.0 金城公主's marriage to Tride Tsuktsen further solidified Tang-Tibet relations. diplomacy,family ties chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873810 6.0 The stele reflects later Tang-Tibet relations building upon her marriage. continuity,diplomatic legacy chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873811 8.0 Seawalls complemented lake dredging to form an integrated water management system. flood control,infrastructure chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873811 6.0 Both locations are geographically and symbolically linked to Tang-Tibet exchanges. cultural geography,folklore chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873812 8.0 Poetry mastery was required for civil service exams, elevating literary culture. educational meritocracy chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874300 9.0 李白是唐诗的代表人物之一，其作品展现了盛唐诗歌的豪迈风格。 文化代表,诗歌流派 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 7.0 雕版印刷术促进了唐诗等文化作品的传播，推动了唐代文化的繁荣。 技术影响,文化传播 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 8.0 Military dominance was a defining characteristic of Five Dynasties governance. instability,political structure chunk-fb845195ff9397dc50a49c9632fa543e 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873811 8.0 Emperor Muzong established the Tang-Tibet Alliance commemorated by the stele. commemoration,diplomacy chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873812 7.0 After the Tang defeated the Western Turkic Khaganate, they established the Protectorate General to Pacify the West to administer the region. administration,military control chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873812 9.0 Turkic tribes originated in the Altai Mountain region. geographical origin,tribal homeland chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873813 9.0 粟末靺鞨统一各部建立渤海政权。 政权建立,民族统一 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874294 15.0 Qianxun Pagoda was built during Nanzhao period in Dali.<SEP>千寻塔建于南诏时期，是南诏政权的重要历史遗迹。 architectural achievement,cultural heritage,历史建筑,政权象征 chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873813 7.0 南诏在唐朝支持下统一六诏。 政治整合,部落统一 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874295 8.0 两者都是唐朝管理西域的重要军政机构。 行政体系,边疆管理 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873814 8.0 北方地区suffered severe damage during the An Lushan Rebellion. rebellion devastation,regional impact chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874288 6.0 杜牧wrote poems reflecting on the An Lushan Rebellion's historical impact. historical reflection,poetic commentary chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874289 7.0 Qutlugh Bilge Köl led the Uighurs and adopted the new name. cultural identity,leadership chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873813 15.0 Uighur migrants became ancestors of modern Uyghur people.<SEP>西迁回鹘人成为维吾尔族先民的主体。 ethnic continuity,migration,民族融合,迁徙 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c<SEP>chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874294 6.0 回鹘汗国灭亡后部分余众西迁至河西走廊。 地理分布,民族迁徙 chunk-f8326b5df69ac23f346e0c0400918e1c 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874295 7.0 Da Zuorong received the princely title from Tang emperor. political recognition,vassalage chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873813 8.0 Piluoge was granted the Yunnan kingship by Tang. political appointment,regional authority chunk-b27e724d9ce26e0ef46fb14f879023db 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873813 7.0 瓜州榆林窟有玄奘取经壁画，记录其西行事迹。 历史记录,宗教传播 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873814 9.0 玄奘是唐僧取经的历史原型 历史人物与事件 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 20.0 Xuanzang traveled to India to study Buddhism, bringing back scriptures that enriched Chinese Buddhism.<SEP>玄奘西行天竺取经，研习佛法并带回大量佛经。 knowledge transfer,religious pilgrimage chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 9.0 玄奘口述的《大唐西域记》记载了他游历的国家和地区，是研究中外交流史的珍贵文献。 cultural documentation,historical record chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873816 17.0 玄奘studied at那烂陀寺, a center of Buddhist learning, deepening his knowledge of Buddhism.<SEP>玄奘在那烂陀寺研习佛法，成为佛学大师。 academic pursuit,education,religion,religious study chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873817 9.0 玄奘introduced the term '印度' to China after his travels, standardizing the name for India in Chinese culture. cultural exchange,linguistics chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873817 7.0 Both鉴真and玄奘endured hardships to spread Buddhism, symbolizing cultural exchange between China and neighboring regions. perseverance,religious mission chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873818 6.0 Xuanzang began his journey to India during the Zhenguan reign period. historical context,timeline chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874297 9.0 The 'Diamond Sutra' was discovered at敦煌莫高窟, proving Tang advancements in woodblock printing technology. archaeology,textual preservation chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873818 10.0 敦煌莫高窟is a monumental example of隋唐文化(Sui-Tang culture), showcasing art and spirituality. artistic legacy,cultural preservation chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 10.0 敦煌莫高窟is located in甘肃敦煌, along the ancient Silk Road. cultural site,geographical location chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873823 9.0 敦煌莫高窟was carved into鸣沙山over centuries by Buddhist monks and artists. architectural creation,religious site chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873823 20.0 敦煌莫高窟contains the masterpieces of敦煌艺术from 4th-13th centuries.<SEP>敦煌莫高窟是敦煌艺术的集中体现，展现了唐代艺术的辉煌成就。 art preservation,cultural heritage,文化传承,艺术宝库 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 8.0 The Mogao Caves' art reflects the cultural and commercial exchanges along the Silk Road. artistic heritage,trade networks chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 10.0 敦煌莫高窟是唐代艺术的代表，展现了唐代文化的辉煌。 文化传承,艺术宝库 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 16.0 Abe no Nakamaro was a prominent member of the Japanese missions to Tang China, symbolizing the cultural exchange between Japan and Tang China.<SEP>阿倍仲麻吕是遣唐使中的杰出代表，在唐朝任职。 cultural exchange,diplomacy,人物代表,文化交流 chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 9.0 阿倍仲麻吕befriended poet李白, reflecting deep cultural ties between Tang China and Japan. friendship,literary exchange chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873818 7.0 阿倍仲麻吕studied at太学, exemplifying Tang China's openness to foreign scholars in its education system. academic exchange,institutional integration chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873818 7.0 王维's friendship with阿倍仲麻吕reflects the Tang literati's engagement with international scholars. artistic dialogue,intellectual networks chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873819 8.0 遣唐使将中国传统节日传入日本 文化传播 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 8.0 遣唐使将中国传统节日传入日本 文化传播 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 8.0 遣唐使将中国传统节日传入日本 文化传播 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 8.0 遣唐使将中国传统节日传入日本 文化传播 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 8.0 遣唐使将唐朝官制引入日本 制度借鉴 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 8.0 遣唐使将唐朝法律体系引入日本 制度借鉴 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 7.0 遣唐使将唐朝科学技术传入日本 科技传播 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 7.0 遣唐使将唐朝文化艺术传入日本 艺术传播 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 18.0 日本和同开珎仿照唐朝开元通宝铸造，显示货币文化交流。<SEP>日本和同开珎是仿照唐朝开元通宝铸造的货币。 cultural influence,monetary imitation,文化影响,货币制度 chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07<SEP>chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873814 8.0 和同开珎是日本仿唐朝开元通宝铸造的货币，反映了唐朝货币对日本的影响。 cultural influence,monetary system chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 8.0 鸿胪寺负责管理朝贡事务，是唐朝外交体系的重要组成部分。 diplomatic administration,tribute system chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873817 9.0 隋唐时期以民族交往为主要特征 历史时期特征 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873814 7.0 诗歌反映了隋唐时期的民族交往情况 文学反映历史 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873814 8.0 诗歌反映了胡汉文化交融的现象 文化融合 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 8.0 弘法大师是日本留学僧的杰出代表 代表人物 chunk-bb4d9ae8cb6da695d7308f316201fe85 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 8.0 唐高祖在位期间开始铸造通宝货币。 imperial decree,monetary reform chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873816 9.0 鉴真是扬州大明寺的高僧，在此讲律传法并开始东渡日本的旅程。 cultural exchange,religious leadership chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873815 19.0 Jianzhen designed and supervised the construction of Tōshōdai-ji in Japan.<SEP>鉴真主持修建了唐招提寺，并在日本传播中国文化。 architectural legacy,cultural dissemination,religious influence chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 20.0 Jianzhen's successful sixth voyage to Japan allowed him to spread Buddhism, medicine, and arts, significantly impacting Japanese culture.<SEP>鉴真六次东渡日本，传播佛教和中国文化。 cultural transmission,religious mission chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590<SEP>chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 8.0 Jianzhen was a monk at Daming Temple before undertaking his missions to Japan. origin,religious affiliation chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874296 8.0 Silla adopted Tang China's imperial examination system to select government officials. institutional reform,policy transfer chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874297 7.0 Woodblock printing technology spread to Silla (Korea), facilitating cultural and intellectual exchange. cultural diffusion,technology transfer chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874298 8.0 崔致远著有《桂苑笔耕集》，收录了他在中国期间的诗文，是朝鲜半岛汉文典籍的代表。 cultural preservation,literary contribution chunk-c99b14acd08f1600b69d6b57bad18d07 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873816 7.0 Choe Chiwon successfully passed the Tang imperial examinations and became an official. career success,educational achievement chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874297 7.0 Japan developed hiragana script under the influence of Chinese characters. cultural exchange,linguistic adaptation chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874297 7.0 Japan developed katakana script under the influence of Chinese characters. cultural exchange,linguistic adaptation chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874297 7.0 Woodblock printing exported to Japan via envoys, enabling mass text reproduction. technology diffusion chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 7.0 During贞观年间, Tang China and the Byzantine Empire initiated diplomatic exchanges documented in historical records. Eurasian relations,early diplomacy chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873819 7.0 The Eastern Roman Empire sent envoys to Tang China during the Kaiyuan era. diplomatic relations,tribute system chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874297 8.0 The Arab Empire (大食) helped transmit Chinese woodblock printing to the West, impacting global culture. cultural diffusion,technology transfer chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873818 10.0 The丝绸之路enabled the大食(Arab Empire) to transfer Chinese papermaking technology westward, revolutionizing global communication. knowledge transfer,trade infrastructure chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873819 8.0 The Abbasid Caliphate facilitated the westward spread of Chinese papermaking technology. cultural diffusion,technology transfer chunk-03849756a057d39c3147e2ad6f73e590 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874297 9.0 Tang Dynasty Poetry flourished during隋唐时期, producing literary giants like Li Bai and Du Fu. cultural flourishing,literary achievement chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873823 9.0 敦煌艺术reached its peak during隋唐时期under Tang Dynasty patronage. Buddhist art,artistic golden age chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873823 10.0 王玠commissioned the printing of the 'Diamond Sutra,' marking a milestone in printing history. innovation,religious devotion chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873818 6.0 雕版印刷术促进了《大衍历》等科学著作的传播，推动了天文学的发展。 文化影响,科技传播 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874300 35.0 **《大衍历》 (Dayan Calendar) and 僧一行 (Yi Xing)** Yi Xing (僧一行), a renowned astronomer and mathematician of the Tang Dynasty, compiled the *Dayan Calendar* (*《大衍历》*), a pivotal work in Chinese astronomy and mathematics. This calendar integrated Indian astronomical knowledge with traditional Chinese mathematical innovations, reflecting the cultural and scientific exchanges of the era. The *Dayan Calendar* was a significant contribution to the advancement of astronomy during the Tang Dynasty, representing one of the period's most important achievements in the field. Its development underscored Yi Xing's expertise and played a crucial role in shaping subsequent astronomical studies in China. (Note: Contradictions were not present in the provided descriptions; all statements were harmonized into a coherent summary.) calendrical science,cross-cultural scholarship,scientific achievement,scientific synthesis,天文历法,天文学,科学成就,科学贡献 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874308 9.0 Organized first meridian measurement, advancing geodesy and astronomy. scientific collaboration chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 8.0 僧一行组织实测地球子午线长度，是中国古代天文学的重要实践。 天文学,科学测量 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 30.0 Sun Simiao authored 'Qianjin Fang,' consolidating pre-Tang medical knowledge and practices.<SEP>孙思邈著《千金方》，总结了唐代以前的医学理论和实践经验。<SEP>孙思邈著《千金方》，被后世尊为‘药王’，对医药学有重大贡献。 medical scholarship,pharmacology,医学成就,医学著作,药方收集,著作影响 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874298 7.0 State pharmacopoeia built upon Sun Simiao's herbal classifications. medical standardization chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874300 9.0 Both奈良and西安host memorials for阿倍仲麻吕, symbolizing enduring China-Japan cultural connections. bilateral heritage,commemorative sites chunk-75580bd831725850798b95284ea866ba 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873819 9.0 The Tang Dynasty developed both overland and maritime trade routes, expanding international commerce. economic expansion,trade networks chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 16.0 Han Yu criticized Buddhism for its socio-economic impacts and advocated for Confucian revival.<SEP>韩愈强烈抨击佛教，主张复兴儒学，反对佛教的传播。 ideological conflict,socio-economic critique,思想冲突,社会批判 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874298 7.0 唐宪宗迎佛骨入宫引发韩愈的强烈反对，体现了当时的思想冲突。 宗教政策,思想对抗 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873820 8.0 Championed Confucian revival against Buddhist monastic landholdings. ideological reform chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 7.0 韩愈和柳宗元都是唐代著名思想家，对后世思想文化有深远影响。 思想流派,文化影响 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874300 7.0 柳宗元提出宇宙由元气构成，主张人力支配自然，体现朴素唯物主义思想。 哲学思想,自然观 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873819 9.0 李白创作了《静夜思》，是其最具代表性的诗作之一。 文学成就,诗歌创作 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873820 8.0 《早发白帝城》展现了李白豪放的诗风和浪漫情怀。 文学特色,诗歌风格 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873820 9.0 《将进酒》充分体现了李白豪迈的人生态度和诗歌风格。 人生态度,诗歌主题 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873820 9.0 李白is one of the most iconic poets of Tang Dynasty Poetry, contributing to its romantic style. cultural icon,literary contribution chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 17.0 Li Bai's poetry embodies the confidence and grandeur of the High Tang era.<SEP>李白生活在盛唐时期，其诗歌风格受到盛唐自信豪迈的社会氛围影响。 cultural reflection,literary style,时代背景,诗歌风格 chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874298 21.0 Yan-Liu calligraphy styles defined Tang standard scripts for official documents.<SEP>颜真卿和柳公权是唐代书法大家，分别以雄浑敦厚和方折峻丽的风格著称。<SEP>颜真卿和柳公权是唐代著名书法家，其书法风格对后世影响深远。 artistic rivalry,书法传承,书法艺术,艺术风格,风格对比 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 8.0 颜真卿's calligraphy is a key achievement of隋唐文化(Sui-Tang culture). artistic achievement,cultural heritage chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 9.0 颜真卿created the颜勤礼碑, which represents his distinctive calligraphy style. artistic creation,calligraphy chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 8.0 柳公权's calligraphy represents the pinnacle of隋唐文化(Sui-Tang culture). artistic achievement,cultural heritage chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 9.0 柳公权created the玄秘塔碑, showcasing his influential calligraphy style. artistic creation,calligraphy chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 16.0 阎立本和吴道子是唐代著名画家，代表了唐代绘画艺术的巅峰。<SEP>阎立本和吴道子是唐代著名画家，分别以人物画和奔放风格闻名。 文化成就,绘画艺术,风格差异 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-a0dd823bd5a2c15bb888e92d2eacb5e2 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874301 8.0 阎立本是唐代人物画的代表人物，作品神形兼备。 绘画艺术,风格特征 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873821 15.0 Pioneered 'floating silk' Buddhist mural technique in Dunhuang.<SEP>吴道子擅长宗教画，画风雄劲奔放。 religious art,绘画题材,艺术风格 chunk-40be205c38bbf803c19b3e23d95ae6dd<SEP>chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx<SEP>初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874300 8.0 吴道子's paintings are celebrated as masterpieces of隋唐文化(Sui-Tang culture). artistic achievement,cultural heritage chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 9.0 吴道子painted送子天王图, demonstrating his mastery of Buddhist figure painting. artistic creation,painting chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 7.0 Monastic estates' tax exemptions sparked Confucian backlash (e.g., Han Yu). socioeconomic conflict chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 9.0 赵州桥is an engineering marvel of隋唐文化(Sui-Tang culture), reflecting advanced architectural techniques. cultural heritage,engineering achievement chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873822 10.0 李春designed and built赵州桥, demonstrating advanced Sui Dynasty engineering. architectural design,engineering achievement chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873823 8.0 赵州桥spans the洨河, serving as a vital transportation link. infrastructure,river crossing chunk-997c5245da4a53c8d5c9ac93b0ff92f3 初中历史部编版七年级下第一单元隋唐时期：繁荣与开放的时代.docx 1754873823 7.0 李世民通过玄武门之变夺取皇位 权力斗争,皇位继承 chunk-adb05af1161934b9baff8674562e07bd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874281 8.0 The two chancellors jointly implemented Kaiyuan reforms, with Yao focusing on economy and Song on administration. complementary expertise,political partnership chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874283 6.0 Sichuan brocade was a luxury textile traded extensively via maritime routes to Southeast Asia. luxury trade,textile arts chunk-4664af8263c8e44c072e79cfe7e91043 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874284 8.0 黑水都督府的设置标志着东北地区纳入唐朝版图。 行政设置,边疆治理 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 8.0 渤海都督府的设置加强了唐朝对东北地区的统治。 行政设置,边疆治理 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 8.0 律法修订是唐玄宗政治改革的重要内容。 政治改革,法制建设 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 8.0 食封制是唐玄宗时期的重要经济改革。 经济政策,财政改革 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874286 8.0 屯田政策加强了唐朝的边境防御和疆域扩张。 军事经济,边防政策 chunk-2957ac8b13d36a2f862f53e74762040f 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874287 7.0 后蜀succeeded the Former Shu among the Ten Kingdoms. political continuity,regional succession chunk-072e1114764645ca0d7ac38eeb84ceb4 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874289 9.0 李克用was the father of李存勖and a major Tang loyalist. family lineage,political loyalty chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874292 7.0 石敬瑭was the son-in-law of后唐明宗李嗣源. family ties,political alliance chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874292 6.0 刘知远belonged to the沙陀族but adopted the汉surname. cultural assimilation,ethnic identity chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874292 7.0 郭威traced his surname郭back to the ancient虢国. historical lineage,surname origin chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874293 8.0 李克用held the position of河东节度使based in太原. military authority,regional governance chunk-12c3cd75adb6be75b4b6a8575b2bfd26 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874292 8.0 Co-developed hiragana based on Chinese characters for Japanese syllabary. linguistic innovation chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 9.0 Refined katakana to transcribe Buddhist scriptures phonetically. religious scholarship chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874299 8.0 Kibi no Makibi contributed to the creation of Japanese kana characters based on Chinese characters. cultural exchange,linguistics chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874298 9.0 Kūkai played a pivotal role in developing Japanese kana, enhancing Japan's written language system. language development,religious influence chunk-fa4e56235c92ea35b4d61865bc130cbd 初中历史知识梳理.docx 1754874298