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from py2neo import Graph, Node, Relationship, Subgraph
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from Config.Config import *
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from Util.Neo4jExecutor import Neo4jExecutor
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# 连接到 Neo4j 数据库
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graph = Graph(NEO4J_URI, auth=NEO4J_AUTH)
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# 定义节点类
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class EntityNode(Node):
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def __init__(self, name, description=""):
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super().__init__("Entity", name=name, description=description)
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class TopicNode(Node):
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def __init__(self, name, description=""):
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super().__init__("Topic", name=name, description=description)
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class SubtopicNode(Node):
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def __init__(self, name, description=""):
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super().__init__("Subtopic", name=name, description=description)
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class RelationshipNode(Relationship):
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def __init__(self, start_node, end_node, relation_type):
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super().__init__(start_node, relation_type, end_node)
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# 创建知识图谱的函数
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def create_knowledge_graph():
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# 创建主题节点
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core_topic = EntityNode("小学数学教学中的若干问题", "小学数学教学的核心内容")
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# 创建数的认识主题及子主题节点
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number_recognition = TopicNode("数的认识", "关于数的基本概念和性质")
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quantity_essence = SubtopicNode("数量与数的本质", "数量是对现实生活中事物量的抽象")
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natural_numbers = SubtopicNode("自然数", "自然数是对数量的抽象")
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negative_numbers = SubtopicNode("负数", "负数是与自然数数量相等但意义相反的数")
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fractions = SubtopicNode("分数", "分数本身是数，表示整体与等分关系或比例关系")
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decimals = SubtopicNode("小数", "小数建立在十进制基础上")
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number_sense = SubtopicNode("数感", "关于数与数量、数量关系、运算结果估计的感悟")
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# 创建数的认识主题与子主题的关系
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core_topic_number_rel = RelationshipNode(core_topic, number_recognition, "INCLUDES")
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number_recognition_quantity_rel = RelationshipNode(number_recognition, quantity_essence, "INCLUDES")
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number_recognition_natural_rel = RelationshipNode(number_recognition, natural_numbers, "INCLUDES")
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number_recognition_negative_rel = RelationshipNode(number_recognition, negative_numbers, "INCLUDES")
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number_recognition_fraction_rel = RelationshipNode(number_recognition, fractions, "INCLUDES")
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number_recognition_decimal_rel = RelationshipNode(number_recognition, decimals, "INCLUDES")
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number_recognition_sense_rel = RelationshipNode(number_recognition, number_sense, "INCLUDES")
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# 创建数的运算主题及子主题节点
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number_operations = TopicNode("数的运算", "关于数的运算规则和方法")
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addition = SubtopicNode("加法运算", "加法运算的解释基于对应的方法和定义的方法")
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subtraction = SubtopicNode("减法运算", "减法是加法的逆运算")
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multiplication = SubtopicNode("乘法运算", "自然数集合上乘法是加法的简便运算")
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division = SubtopicNode("除法运算", "除法是乘法的逆运算")
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mixed_operations = SubtopicNode("混合运算", "混合运算遵循先乘除后加减的法则")
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estimation = SubtopicNode("估算", "估算是基于数量关系的运算")
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symbol_awareness = SubtopicNode("符号意识", "符号意识涉及用字母表示数和基于符号的运算")
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equation_essence = SubtopicNode("方程的本质", "方程用字母表示未知量，讲述现实世界中的等量关系")
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operations_model = SubtopicNode("模型", "模型是数学与现实世界的桥梁")
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problem_discovery = SubtopicNode("发现问题与提出问题", "发现问题与提出问题体现创新意识")
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# 创建数的运算主题与子主题的关系
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core_topic_operation_rel = RelationshipNode(core_topic, number_operations, "INCLUDES")
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operations_addition_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, addition, "INCLUDES")
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operations_subtraction_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, subtraction, "INCLUDES")
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operations_multiplication_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, multiplication, "INCLUDES")
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operations_division_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, division, "INCLUDES")
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operations_mixed_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, mixed_operations, "INCLUDES")
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operations_estimation_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, estimation, "INCLUDES")
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operations_symbol_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, symbol_awareness, "INCLUDES")
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operations_equation_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, equation_essence, "INCLUDES")
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operations_model_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, operations_model, "INCLUDES")
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operations_problem_rel = RelationshipNode(number_operations, problem_discovery, "INCLUDES")
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# 创建图形与几何主题及子主题节点
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geometry = TopicNode("图形与几何", "关于图形与几何的基本概念和性质")
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space_concept = SubtopicNode("空间观念与几何直观", "空间观念是空间想象力，几何直观是直接判断能力")
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figure_recognition = SubtopicNode("图形的认识与分类", "图形的认识需从立体图形抽象出点、线、面、体、角等概念")
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measurement = SubtopicNode("长度、面积、体积", "长度、面积、体积是对一维、二维、三维空间物体的度量")
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figure_movement = SubtopicNode("平移、旋转、轴对称", "图形的运动包括平移、旋转、轴对称")
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# 创建图形与几何主题与子主题的关系
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core_topic_geometry_rel = RelationshipNode(core_topic, geometry, "INCLUDES")
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geometry_space_rel = RelationshipNode(geometry, space_concept, "INCLUDES")
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geometry_figure_rel = RelationshipNode(geometry, figure_recognition, "INCLUDES")
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geometry_measurement_rel = RelationshipNode(geometry, measurement, "INCLUDES")
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geometry_movement_rel = RelationshipNode(geometry, figure_movement, "INCLUDES")
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# 创建统计与概率主题及子主题节点
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statistics_probability = TopicNode("统计与概率", "关于统计与概率的基本概念和方法")
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data_analysis = SubtopicNode("数据分析观念", "统计学以数据为基础，强调数据分析观念")
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statistical_chart = SubtopicNode("统计图", "三种统计图各有共性和差异，用于直观表述数据")
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data_randomness = SubtopicNode("数据的随机性", "数据的随机性与不确定性区别")
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average = SubtopicNode("平均数", "平均数是统计学中的重要概念")
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probability = SubtopicNode("概率", "概率是随机事件发生的属性")
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# 创建统计与概率主题与子主题的关系
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core_topic_statistics_rel = RelationshipNode(core_topic, statistics_probability, "INCLUDES")
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statistics_data_rel = RelationshipNode(statistics_probability, data_analysis, "INCLUDES")
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statistics_chart_rel = RelationshipNode(statistics_probability, statistical_chart, "INCLUDES")
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statistics_randomness_rel = RelationshipNode(statistics_probability, data_randomness, "INCLUDES")
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statistics_average_rel = RelationshipNode(statistics_probability, average, "INCLUDES")
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statistics_probability_rel = RelationshipNode(statistics_probability, probability, "INCLUDES")
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# 创建附录内容主题及子主题节点
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appendix = TopicNode("附录内容", "小学数学相关话题和教学设计")
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topics = SubtopicNode("若干话题", "与小学数学相关的若干话题")
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teaching_design = SubtopicNode("相关教学设计", "小学数学教学设计示例")
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# 创建附录内容主题与子主题的关系
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core_topic_appendix_rel = RelationshipNode(core_topic, appendix, "INCLUDES")
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appendix_topics_rel = RelationshipNode(appendix, topics, "INCLUDES")
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appendix_design_rel = RelationshipNode(appendix, teaching_design, "INCLUDES")
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# 合并所有节点和关系
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nodes = [
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core_topic, number_recognition, quantity_essence, natural_numbers, negative_numbers,
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fractions, decimals, number_sense, number_operations, addition, subtraction,
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multiplication, division, mixed_operations, estimation, symbol_awareness,
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equation_essence, operations_model, problem_discovery, geometry, space_concept,
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figure_recognition, measurement, figure_movement, statistics_probability, data_analysis,
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statistical_chart, data_randomness, average, probability, appendix, topics, teaching_design
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]
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relationships = [
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core_topic_number_rel, number_recognition_quantity_rel, number_recognition_natural_rel,
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number_recognition_negative_rel, number_recognition_fraction_rel, number_recognition_decimal_rel,
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number_recognition_sense_rel, core_topic_operation_rel, operations_addition_rel,
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operations_subtraction_rel, operations_multiplication_rel, operations_division_rel,
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operations_mixed_rel, operations_estimation_rel, operations_symbol_rel,
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operations_equation_rel, operations_model_rel, operations_problem_rel,
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core_topic_geometry_rel, geometry_space_rel, geometry_figure_rel,
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geometry_measurement_rel, geometry_movement_rel, core_topic_statistics_rel,
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statistics_data_rel, statistics_chart_rel, statistics_randomness_rel,
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statistics_average_rel, statistics_probability_rel, core_topic_appendix_rel,
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appendix_topics_rel, appendix_design_rel
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]
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# 创建子图并提交到数据库
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subgraph = Subgraph(nodes, relationships)
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graph.create(subgraph)
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print("知识图谱创建成功！")
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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executor = Neo4jExecutor.create_default()
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# 清库
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executor.graph.run("MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n")
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# 调用函数创建知识图谱
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create_knowledge_graph()
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from neo4j import GraphDatabase
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from enum import Enum
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class RelationshipType(Enum):
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PREREQUISITE = "PREREQUISITE" # 先修知识
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PART_OF = "PART_OF" # 属于/包含
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IS_A = "IS_A" # 子类
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RELATED_TO = "RELATED_TO" # 相关
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TESTS = "TESTS" # 考察
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REQUIRES_SKILL = "REQUIRES_SKILL" # 需要能力
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ASSESSES_SKILL = "ASSESSES_SKILL" # 评估能力
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MASTERY = "MASTERY" # 掌握程度
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class KnowledgeGraphBuilder:
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def __init__(self, uri, user, password):
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self._driver = GraphDatabase.driver(uri, auth=(user, password))
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def close(self):
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self._driver.close()
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def clear_database(self):
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with self._driver.session() as session:
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session.run("MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n")
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def create_concept_node(self, name, description, node_type="Concept"):
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with self._driver.session() as session:
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session.run(
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"MERGE (n:{} {{name: $name}}) "
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"SET n.description = $description".format(node_type),
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name=name, description=description
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)
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def create_relationship(self, from_node, to_node, rel_type, properties=None):
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with self._driver.session() as session:
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query = (
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"MATCH (a {{name: $from_name}}), (b {{name: $to_name}}) "
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"MERGE (a)-[r:{}]->(b)".format(rel_type.value)
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)
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if properties:
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query += " SET r += $properties"
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session.run(query,
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from_name=from_node,
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to_name=to_node,
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properties=properties or {})
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def build_math_knowledge_graph(self):
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# 清空数据库
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self.clear_database()
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# 创建核心概念节点
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self.create_concept_node("数的认识", "数的基本概念和分类")
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self.create_concept_node("数的运算", "基本数学运算原理")
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# 创建具体知识点节点
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self.create_concept_node("自然数", "表示物体个数的数")
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self.create_concept_node("加法意义", "加法的基本定义和含义")
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self.create_concept_node("加法运算", "加法计算方法")
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# 创建技能节点
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self.create_concept_node("数值计算", "进行数学计算的能力", "Skill")
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# 创建关系
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self.create_relationship("自然数", "数的认识", RelationshipType.PART_OF)
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self.create_relationship("加法意义", "加法运算", RelationshipType.PREREQUISITE)
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self.create_relationship("加法运算", "数值计算", RelationshipType.REQUIRES_SKILL)
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# 示例：创建题目节点和关系
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self.create_concept_node("题目1", "计算3+5的值", "Question")
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self.create_relationship("题目1", "加法运算", RelationshipType.TESTS)
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self.create_relationship("题目1", "数值计算", RelationshipType.ASSESSES_SKILL)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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builder = KnowledgeGraphBuilder("bolt://localhost:7687", "neo4j", "DsideaL147258369")
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try:
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builder.build_math_knowledge_graph()
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print("知识图谱构建完成")
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finally:
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builder.close()
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