CREATE TABLE test_table
(
    id INT NOT NULL, 
    fname VARCHAR(30), 
    job_code INT NOT NULL, 
    store_id INT NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`store_id`)
) 
PARTITION BY RANGE (store_id) 
(
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (6), 
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (11), 
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (16), 
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE 
);
##说明当 store_id < 6 时数据放到p0 以此类推


CREATE TABLE test_table
(
    id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,        
    action VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    timestamp TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (id, timestamp)
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (UNIX_TIMESTAMP(timestamp))
(
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2014-08-01 00:00:00')),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2014-11-01 00:00:00')),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2015-01-01 00:00:00')),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2015-02-01 00:00:00'))
);
##说明当 timestamp < 2014-08-01 00:00:00 时数据放到p0 以此类推


CREATE TABLE test_table
(
    id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    action VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    timestamp DATETIME NOT NULL,    
    PRIMARY KEY (id, timestamp)
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (YEAR(timestamp))
(
    PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (2013),
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (2014),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (2015),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (2016),
    PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
);
##说明当 timestamp < 2013 时数据放到p0 以此类推



##查看分区表中有哪些分区
SELECT
	TABLE_NAME,
	PARTITION_NAME 
FROM
	information_schema.PARTITIONS 
WHERE
	table_schema = DATABASE () 
	AND table_name = 'test_table'


##查看分区中有哪些数据
SELECT * FROM test_table PARTITION (p1);


##利用 EXPLAIN 可以看到只需搜对应的区，不会搜索所有分区
EXPLAIN
select * from employees where store_id=8;


##如果分区，分区字段的值必须要在分区规则内，否则报错。