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src/main/java/UnitTest/ImportExcel/TestTitle.java

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+package UnitTest.ImportExcel;
+
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
+import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
+
+import java.io.FileInputStream;
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class TestTitle {
+
+    /**
+     * 功能：修改指定单元格的样式
+     *
+     * @param wb
+     * @param sheetIndex
+     * @param r
+     * @param c
+     * @param fontSize
+     * @param colorIdx
+     * @return
+     */
+    public static Workbook addComment(Workbook wb, int sheetIndex, int r, int c,
+                                      int fontSize, short colorIdx, String str) {
+        Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(sheetIndex);
+        Row row = sheet.getRow(r);
+        Cell cell = row.getCell(c);
+        // 创建单元格样式
+        CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
+        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
+        style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
+        style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
+        style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
+        style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
+        style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
+        // 创建字体样式
+        Font font = wb.createFont();
+        font.setFontName("宋体");//字体
+        font.setBold(true);//加粗
+        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) fontSize);//字号
+        style.setFont(font);
+        // 设置背景颜色
+        style.setFillForegroundColor(colorIdx);
+        style.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
+        // 应用样式到单元格
+        cell.setCellStyle(style);
+
+        // 判断单元格上是否存在批注
+        if (cell.getCellComment() != null) {
+            // 如果存在批注，先删除
+            cell.removeCellComment();
+        }
+        // 创建批注
+        Drawing<?> drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
+        CreationHelper factory = wb.getCreationHelper();
+        ClientAnchor anchor = factory.createClientAnchor();
+        anchor.setCol1(cell.getColumnIndex());
+        anchor.setCol2(cell.getColumnIndex() + 1);
+        anchor.setRow1(row.getRowNum());
+        anchor.setRow2(row.getRowNum() + 3);
+        Comment comment = drawing.createCellComment(anchor);
+        comment.setString(factory.createRichTextString(str));
+        // 将批注添加到单元格
+        cell.setCellComment(comment);
+        return wb;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 功能：在EXCEL的指定范围内添加上下拉框，内容通过String[]提供
+     *
+     * @param workbook
+     * @param sheetIdx
+     * @param firstRow
+     * @param lastRow
+     * @param firstCol
+     * @param lastCol
+     * @return
+     */
+    public static Workbook addValidation(Workbook workbook, int sheetIdx, String[] options, int firstRow, int lastRow, int firstCol, int lastCol) {
+        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetIdx);
+        // 创建数据验证对象
+        DataValidationHelper validationHelper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
+        DataValidationConstraint constraint = validationHelper.createExplicitListConstraint(options);
+        CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow, lastRow, firstCol, lastCol); // 指定单元格范围
+        DataValidation validation = validationHelper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);
+        // 应用数据验证到单元格
+        sheet.addValidationData(validation);
+        return workbook;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
+        String path = "D:\\dsWork\\QingLong\\src\\main\\resource\\Excel\\";
+        String filePath = path + "1.xlsx";
+        int r = 5, c = 6;//第6行第7列
+        int fontSize = 12;
+        short colorIdx = IndexedColors.YELLOW.getIndex();
+        // 创建下拉框的选项
+        String[] options = new String[]{"男", "女", "未知"};
+
+        try (FileInputStream fileIn = new FileInputStream(filePath);
+             Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fileIn)) {
+            //在指定单元格上添加背景黄色+标注提示信息
+            addComment(workbook, 0, r, c, fontSize, colorIdx, "此单元格应该是非空的！");
+            //添加下拉框校验
+            addValidation(workbook, 0, options, 4, 21, c - 1, c - 1);
+            // 保存到文件
+            FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
+            workbook.write(fileOut);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+}