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from pyecharts.charts import Bar
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def generate_bar_chart(_data, title: str, x_columns: list, y_columns: list, output_file: str = "bar_chart.html"):
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"""
根据结果集生成柱状图并保存为 HTML 文件
参数:
result: 结果集通常是一个列表字典格式
x_columns (list): 作为 X 轴的列名列表
y_columns (list): 作为 Y 轴的列名列表
output_file (str): 输出 HTML 文件名默认 "bar_chart.html"
"""
try:
# 如果结果集为空,直接返回
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if not _data:
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raise ValueError("结果集为空,无法生成图表!")
# 检查列名是否存在
for col in x_columns + y_columns:
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if col not in _data[0]:
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raise ValueError(f"列名 '{col}' 不存在!")
# 提取 X 轴数据(动态组合多列)
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x_axis_data = [" - ".join(str(row[col]) for col in x_columns) for row in _data]
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# 提取 Y 轴数据
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y_axis_data = [row[y_columns[0]] for row in _data] # 目前只支持一个 Y 轴列
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# 为每个柱状图设置不同颜色
colors = [
"#5470C6", "#91CC75", "#EE6666", "#73C0DE", "#3BA272", "#FC8452", "#9A60B4", "#EA7CCC"
] # 自定义颜色列表
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# 创建柱状图并配置布局
bar = Bar()
bar.add_xaxis(x_axis_data)
bar.add_yaxis(
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series_name=y_columns[0], # 使用 y_columns 的第一个元素作为系列名称
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y_axis=y_axis_data,
bar_width="30%", # 控制柱宽
itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(
color=JsCode(f'''
function(params) {{
var colorList = {colors};
return colorList[params.dataIndex % colorList.length];
}}
''')
)
)
bar.set_global_opts(
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title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title=title), # 添加标题
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xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(
name=" - ".join(x_columns),
axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(rotate=45),
boundary_gap=True, # 开启分类间隙
splitline_opts=opts.SplitLineOpts(is_show=False)
),
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yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(name=y_columns[0]), # 使用 y_columns 的第一个元素作为 Y 轴名称
legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(is_show=False) # 隐藏图例
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)
# 确保目标目录存在
if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(output_file)):
os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(output_file))
# 保存为 HTML 文件
bar.render(output_file)
print(f"柱状图已保存为 {output_file}")
# 检查文件是否存在
if os.path.exists(output_file):
print("文件生成成功!")
else:
print("文件生成失败!")
except Exception as e:
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print(f"生成柱状图时发生错误: {e}")
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from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Pie
from pyecharts.commons.utils import JsCode
import os
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def generate_pie_chart(
_data,
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title: str,
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category_columns: list, # 改为列表接收多列(如["学段","科目"]
value_column: str,
output_file: str = "pie_chart.html"
):
"""
支持多列组合的饼图生成器
参数说明
category_columns : 分类标签的多个字段名
value_column : 数值字段名
"""
try:
# 数据预处理:生成组合标签
combined_data = {}
for item in _data:
# 生成组合键(例:"小学 - 语文"
key = " - ".join(str(item[col]) for col in category_columns)
combined_data[key] = combined_data.get(key, 0) + item[value_column]
# 转换为饼图数据格式
data_pairs = list(combined_data.items())
# 颜色配置(与柱状图一致)
color_js = JsCode("""
function(params) {
var colors = ['#5470C6','#91CC75','#EE6666','#73C0DE'];
return colors[params.dataIndex % colors.length];
}
""")
# 构建饼图
pie = Pie()
pie.add(
series_name="占比",
data_pair=data_pairs,
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radius=["30%", "55%"], # 环形布局优化
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label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(
formatter="{b}\n{d}%", # 换行显示标签和比例
position="outside",
font_size=14
),
itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(color=color_js)
)
# 全局配置优化
pie.set_global_opts(
title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(
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title=title,
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subtitle="数据维度:" + "".join(category_columns)
),
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legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(is_show=False) # 不显示图例
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)
# 输出文件
os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(output_file), exist_ok=True)
pie.render(output_file)
print(f"组合饼图已生成: {output_file}")
except Exception as e:
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print(f"生成失败: {str(e)}")